Immunology Quiz on Vaccines

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Questions and Answers

Which type of vaccine utilizes harmless viruses to induce a strong immune response?

Viral vector vaccines (correct)
DNA vaccines
Inactivated vaccines
Toxoid vaccines

What is a primary characteristic of subunit vaccines?

They target specific antigens to minimize side effects. (correct)
They consist of live attenuated pathogens.
They require no boosters after initial administration.
They generate immunity against toxin-mediated diseases.

Which factors are known to affect an individual's response to vaccines?

Genetic predispositions to allergies
History of respiratory infections
Length of time since last vaccination
Age and immune status (correct)

Which of the following diseases is directly associated with chronic liver disease and cancer?

Hepatitis B (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of antibodies in the immune response?

To neutralize antigens and opsonize bacteria (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of B cells in the immune response?

Produce antibodies specific to an antigen (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes herd immunity?

It requires a high percentage of a population to be immunized (C) Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes passive immunity?

It provides immediate but short-lived protection (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is immunological memory primarily dependent on?

The development of memory B and T cells (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of immunization in a population?

To reduce disease incidence and potentially eradicate it (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of active immunity ensures long-term protection?

The development of cellular immunity through memory T cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

When does an individual typically achieve active immunity?

Through infection or vaccination triggering an immune response (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vaccine generally requires multiple doses and has a shorter duration of immunity?

Inactivated (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary advantage of subunit vaccines?

They have fewer side effects and are highly effective. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors can interfere with vaccine responses in early infancy?

Maternal antibodies (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a limitation of viral vector vaccines?

They may not be suitable for all individuals due to adverse reactions. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about herd immunity is true?

It can protect those who are unimmunized by reducing overall disease transmission. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What type of immunization involves the body's immune response creating long-lasting protection?

Active immunity (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following challenges to vaccine distribution is related to handling requirements?

Vaccine storage and handling (B) Signup and view all the answers

How do toxoid vaccines function in inducing immunity?

By inactivating the toxins that cause disease. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which diagnostic technique is performed at the site of patient care for rapid results?

Point-of-Care Tests (A) Signup and view all the answers

What potential effect do maternal antibodies have on infants regarding vaccinations?

They can lead to ineffective vaccine responses. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Inactivated Vaccines

Vaccines that use inactivated pathogens to stimulate an immune response.

Subunit Vaccines

Vaccines that target specific parts of a pathogen (antigens).