Podcast
Questions and Answers
What triggers an increase in body temperature during a fever?
What triggers an increase in body temperature during a fever?
Which of the following is NOT a side effect of fever?
Which of the following is NOT a side effect of fever?
How does the hypothalamus respond during a fever?
How does the hypothalamus respond during a fever?
What physiological change occurs in the body to increase temperature during a fever?
What physiological change occurs in the body to increase temperature during a fever?
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What occurs when the pyrogen is no longer present?
What occurs when the pyrogen is no longer present?
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What is a common physiological response of the body during a fever?
What is a common physiological response of the body during a fever?
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Which component is responsible for resetting the body's thermostat in the hypothalamus during a fever?
Which component is responsible for resetting the body's thermostat in the hypothalamus during a fever?
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What effect do pyrogens have on the body?
What effect do pyrogens have on the body?
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Which of the following statements regarding fever is true?
Which of the following statements regarding fever is true?
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In what way does the body cool down during a fever?
In what way does the body cool down during a fever?
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Study Notes
Second Line of Defense: Nonspecific Chemical Defenses
- Fever: Body temperature above 37°C (98.6°F).
- Role: Enhances inflammatory responses.
- Side Effects: Malaise, body aches, tiredness.
- Cause: Pyrogens (bacterial toxins, antibody-antigen complexes, or released phagocytosed products).
- Mechanism: Pyrogens trigger a reset of the hypothalamic thermostat to a higher temperature. This leads to vasoconstriction and increased metabolic rate.
- Duration: Continues as long as pyrogens are present..
- Resolution (fever break): Cooling by perspiration, lower metabolic rate, and dilation of blood vessels. The hypothalamus secretes prostaglandin, resetting the hypothalamic thermostat.
- Hypothalamic Response: Nerve impulses cause shivering, higher metabolic rate, inhibition of sweating, and vasoconstriction to increase body temperature to the level regulated by the hypothalamus.
- Phagocyte Influence: Chemicals secreted by phagocytes travel to the hypothalamus via the blood.
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Description
Explore the fascinating mechanisms of nonspecific chemical defenses such as fever and the role of pyrogens in the immune response. This quiz covers essential concepts related to the hypothalamic thermostat and the body's inflammatory responses. Test your knowledge of immune system components and their functions.
