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Questions and Answers
What is the primary role of B cells in the immune response?
What is the primary role of B cells in the immune response?
- To generate a fever that combats pathogens
- To create pus from dead white blood cells
- To produce antibodies against specific pathogens (correct)
- To directly attack and destroy infected cells
What occurs when the body temperature rises above 38 degrees Celsius?
What occurs when the body temperature rises above 38 degrees Celsius?
- It specifically targets bacteria only
- It causes the destruction of white blood cells
- Inflammation occurs at the site of injury
- Pathogens are inhibited from surviving (correct)
Which of the following describes the role of phagocytes in the immune system?
Which of the following describes the role of phagocytes in the immune system?
- They help in generating a fever during infection
- They facilitate the cloning of B cells after an infection
- They produce antibodies against foreign invaders
- They destroy foreign agents that are not recognized by the body (correct)
What is the main distinction of the third line of defense in the immune system?
What is the main distinction of the third line of defense in the immune system?
What happens to antibody levels after the body recovers from an infection?
What happens to antibody levels after the body recovers from an infection?
Flashcards
Second Line of Defense
Second Line of Defense
A general response by the immune system to fight pathogens, such as triggering a fever.
Fever
Fever
An increase in body temperature above 38 degrees Celsius, making it difficult for pathogens to survive.
Phagocytosis
Phagocytosis
A process where white blood cells (phagocytes) engulf and destroy harmful substances in the body.
B Cells
B Cells
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T Cells
T Cells
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Study Notes
Second Line of Defense
- Pathogens overcome first line of defense
- Immune system responds to fight pathogens
- Immune response can trigger a fever (high temperature) to kill pathogens
- Fever is a general response to infections
Fever
- Body temperature above 38 degrees
- Prevents pathogen survival
Inflammation
- Painful redness and swelling at infection site
- Response to infection
Phagocytes
- White blood cells that destroy foreign material
- Ingest and destroy anything not recognised as part of the body
Pus Formation
- Dead white blood cells accumulate at wound site
- Accumulation forms pus
Third Line of Defense
- Composed mostly of white blood cells
- Identify and destroy pathogens
- Develop immunity to specific pathogens
B Cells
- Travel into bloodstream after illness
- Look for pathogens
- Produce antibodies
Antibodies
- Bind to pathogens for identification
- Each pathogen has distinctive markers
- Only specific antibodies bind to matching markers
B Cell Clones
- B cells multiply to produce many antibodies
- Neutralize the pathogen threat
Immunity Development
- Antibodies remain in body after infection
- Create immunity
Immune System Response After Recovery
- Immune system reduces antibody production
- Antibody levels decrease due to their short life cycle
T Cells
- Responsible for cell-mediated immunity
- Directly attack infected or abnormal cells
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