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Immunology Basics

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Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between an immunogen and an antigen?

Immunogens are genetically foreign to the host, while antigens may not lead to an immune response.

Immunogens are bound to carrier molecules, while antigens are recognized by both B and T cells.

Immunogens induce an immune response while antigens are recognized by the immune system. (correct)

Immunogens have a specific structure recognized by the B cell or T cell, while antigens are of low molecular weight.

What is the role of an epitope in the immune response?

Epitopes serve as carrier molecules for haptens.

Epitopes are substances that provoke hypersensitivity reactions.

Epitopes are recognized by the B cell or T cell in an antigen. (correct)

Epitopes are genetically similar to the host.

Why might a human body reject a transplanted pig's heart according to the text?

Because pig hearts are genetically different from humans. (correct)

Because pig hearts are considered immunogens.

Due to the molecular size of the transplant.

Due to the mode of entry of the transplanted heart.

What property of an antigen makes it immunogenic according to the text?

Chemical composition and complexity. Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario can a hapten induce an immune response?

When it is bound to a carrier molecule. Signup and view all the answers

Why might one person have a hypersensitivity reaction to a substance while another does not?

Because not all people have similar genetic compositions. Signup and view all the answers

What type of antigen is generally considered to be the most immunogenic?

Proteins Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding antigen size and immunogenicity is true?

High molecular weight antigens may lose immunogenicity if they break up into smaller molecules in the body. Signup and view all the answers

Which organ is NOT considered a central (primary) lymphoid organ in the immune system?

Spleen Signup and view all the answers

Why might one need a smaller amount of antigen if it is a protein compared to a polysaccharide to induce an immune response?

Proteins have larger molecular sizes than polysaccharides. Signup and view all the answers

In which mode of administration might an antigen provoke a better immune response compared to intramuscular injection?

Intradermal injection Signup and view all the answers

Why might antigens lose their immunogenicity even if they have high molecular weights?

Some high molecular weight antigens break up into smaller molecules in the body. Signup and view all the answers