Immunology Basics

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Questions and Answers

What is the main difference between an immunogen and an antigen?

  • Immunogens are genetically foreign to the host, while antigens may not lead to an immune response.
  • Immunogens are bound to carrier molecules, while antigens are recognized by both B and T cells.
  • Immunogens induce an immune response while antigens are recognized by the immune system. (correct)
  • Immunogens have a specific structure recognized by the B cell or T cell, while antigens are of low molecular weight.

What is the role of an epitope in the immune response?

  • Epitopes serve as carrier molecules for haptens.
  • Epitopes are substances that provoke hypersensitivity reactions.
  • Epitopes are recognized by the B cell or T cell in an antigen. (correct)
  • Epitopes are genetically similar to the host.

Why might a human body reject a transplanted pig's heart according to the text?

  • Because pig hearts are genetically different from humans. (correct)
  • Because pig hearts are considered immunogens.
  • Due to the molecular size of the transplant.
  • Due to the mode of entry of the transplanted heart.

What property of an antigen makes it immunogenic according to the text?

<p>Chemical composition and complexity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what scenario can a hapten induce an immune response?

<p>When it is bound to a carrier molecule. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might one person have a hypersensitivity reaction to a substance while another does not?

<p>Because not all people have similar genetic compositions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of antigen is generally considered to be the most immunogenic?

<p>Proteins (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding antigen size and immunogenicity is true?

<p>High molecular weight antigens may lose immunogenicity if they break up into smaller molecules in the body. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organ is NOT considered a central (primary) lymphoid organ in the immune system?

<p>Spleen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might one need a smaller amount of antigen if it is a protein compared to a polysaccharide to induce an immune response?

<p>Proteins have larger molecular sizes than polysaccharides. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which mode of administration might an antigen provoke a better immune response compared to intramuscular injection?

<p>Intradermal injection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might antigens lose their immunogenicity even if they have high molecular weights?

<p>Some high molecular weight antigens break up into smaller molecules in the body. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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