Immunization and Infection Control Quiz

A place where microorganisms live and multiply, such as the human genitalia, nasopharynx, or Peyer's patches of the small intestines.

A living organism that viruses need to multiply in. Humans, animals, or insects can be viral reservoirs.

The path microorganisms take to leave the reservoir and enter a new host. This can be through respiratory secretions, bodily fluids, or contaminated objects.

The way an organism or virus enters a new host. This can be through the respiratory system, digestive system, or skin.

Immunity present at birth, provided by genetic factors. This is your innate defense system.

Immunity acquired by exposure to a pathogen (natural) or through vaccinations (artificial). This is your adaptive immune system.

Diseases caused by bacteria that can be treated with antibiotics. These diseases may be temporary and usually have a recovery period.

Diseases caused by viruses. They can be severe and may not have specific treatments, but often have a self-limiting course.

A type of isolation intended to protect the patient from being infected by others. Think of it as shielding the patient from the outside world.

A type of isolation aimed at preventing the spread of infection from an infected person to others. Think of it as containing the infection to the patient.

The process of separating an infected individual from others during the time they are contagious, to prevent the spread of infection.

A vaccine that provides protection against Cholera, Dysentery, and Typhoid.

The Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) of the Department of Health in the Philippines targets this age group for vaccination.

A measure to prevent the spread of disease by restricting the movement of healthy individuals. It applies to people who are healthy but may have been exposed to a contagious disease and could spread it to others.

A type of isolation that applies to all patients, regardless of their diagnosis. This precaution involves careful handling of body fluids to prevent infections.

An action taken to keep microorganisms from entering the body or a wound. It involves using a clean surface or tools and equipment to prevent infection.

The deliberate eradication of disease-carrying insects and rodents, primarily to reduce the spread of infection.

Severe muscle pain that is a symptom of viral infection.

The virus spreads through respiratory droplets expelled when an infected person coughs or sneezes.

The virus can spread through fecal matter, contaminated water, or food.

A sign of polio infection where the patient's head drops forward due to weakness in the neck muscles.

A type of polio infection affecting the brain stem, causing paralysis of the facial muscles and difficulty swallowing.

A type of polio infection affecting the spinal cord, causing paralysis of the limbs.

A type of polio infection that combines features of both bulbar and spinal types.

A common symptom of polio, caused by paralysis of the intercostal muscles, making breathing difficult.

A type of paralysis that primarily affects the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord, resulting in motor function impairment.

A weakened or paralyzed state of muscles caused by damage to the nervous system, specifically the anterior horn cells of the spinal cord.

This vaccine helps protect against polio. There are two types: OPV (oral polio vaccine) and Sabin. It's given orally in multiple doses.

A respiratory device used to help people breathe, especially those with polio-induced paralysis of respiratory muscles. It creates a negative pressure environment, allowing the lungs to expand and draw in air.

This refers to the care provided to patients with poliomyelitis, focusing on alleviating symptoms, supporting their physical functions, and maintaining their emotional well-being.

The practice of preventing the spread of poliovirus. This includes vaccination, proper disposal of infected materials (fecal matter), and covering the mouth when coughing.

A disease caused by a virus transmitted through the saliva of infected animals, most commonly through bites. It affects the nervous system and can be fatal.

A highly contagious disease caused by the rabies virus. Transmission occurs through bites or scratches from infected animals, typically mammals.

The rate at which a virus travels in the body; usually, rabies travels at 3mm per hour.

The severity of the bite, including factors like depth and number of bites.

The reason why the bite occurred, such as provoking the animal or an unprovoked attack.

The schedule of the rabies vaccine, with the first dose administered on day 0, the second dose on day 7, and the third dose on day 21.

The rabies vaccine's duration of immunity. After a full course of the vaccine, the immunity lasts for 3 years.

The recommended dosage of the rabies vaccine, which can vary depending on the stage of the vaccination process and the location of the bite.

The recommended time frame for administering the first dose of the rabies vaccine: ideally, this should be done on the same day as the bite.

Continuing the rabies vaccine series, even if the bitten animal does not die within 10 days, is strongly encouraged, as this provides long-term protection of 3 years.