Immune System and Barrier Defenses Quiz

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Which type of immunity is characterized by specificity and memory?

Adaptive immunity (correct)

Natural killer cell immunity

Complement immunity

Innate immunity

What is the primary function of natural killer cells in the immune system?

Directly attacking and killing infected cells (correct)

Releasing antibodies

Phagocytosis

Secreting complement proteins

Which of the following is a characteristic of fever (pyrexia)?

It weakens the body's defenses

It has no impact on combating pathogens

It is beneficial in combating pathogens (correct)

It is only triggered by antipyretic drugs

What are the four cardinal signs of inflammation?

Redness, heat, swelling, pain Signup and view all the answers

What is the main source of interferons in the body?

Virus-infected cells Signup and view all the answers

Which pathway of complement activation is initiated by antigen-antibody complexes?

Classical pathway Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of perforins and granzymes in defense mechanisms?

Killing infected cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which neutrophils combat pathogens?

Phagocytosis Signup and view all the answers

What do macrophages release to recruit other immune cells to the site of infection?

Cytokines Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of pus?

Bacteria and dead white blood cells Signup and view all the answers

What are the three properties of the skin that make it an effective barrier to pathogens?

Tight junctions, keratinized cells, resident microbiota Signup and view all the answers

What are the three pathways of complement activation?

Classical, alternative, lectin Signup and view all the answers

What are the defining characteristics of innate immunity?

Rapid response and non-specificity Signup and view all the answers

How do mucous membranes resist microbial invasion?

By trapping pathogens in mucus and expelling them Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of complement proteins?

Liver cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of natural killer cells in defense mechanisms?

Destroying virus-infected cells and cancer cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of interferons in opposing the spread of viruses?

Inhibiting viral replication in neighboring cells Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism accounts for the four cardinal signs of inflammation?

Vasodilation and increased vascular permeability Signup and view all the answers

What are the benefits of fever (pyrexia) in combating pathogens?

Stimulation of phagocytosis and adaptive immunity Signup and view all the answers

How do macrophages recruit other immune cells to the site of infection?

Producing chemokines Signup and view all the answers

Which type of lymphocyte is involved in adaptive immunity?

B lymphocytes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of interferons in the body?

Infected cells Signup and view all the answers

Which mechanism accounts for the formation, composition, and fate of pus?

Phagocytosis Signup and view all the answers

What are the roles of organic acids and antimicrobial peptides in the skin's barrier function?

Neutralization of pathogens Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immunity is characterized by specificity and memory?

Adaptive immunity Signup and view all the answers

What are the defining characteristics of natural killer cells?

Recognition and elimination of virus-infected cells Signup and view all the answers

How do complement proteins aid in the destruction of pathogens?

Direct lysis of pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What are the primary chemicals that mobilize the body’s defenses and initiate inflammation?

Cytokines and histamines Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of macrophages in defense mechanisms?

Phagocytosis and antigen presentation Signup and view all the answers

What is the danger of excessive fever in combating pathogens?

Tissue damage and organ dysfunction Signup and view all the answers

What do inflammatory cytokines primarily mediate in the inflammatory response?

Vasodilation and increased vascular permeability Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the respiratory burst in neutrophils?

Producing reactive oxygen species to kill pathogens Signup and view all the answers

Which type of lymphocyte plays a role in innate immunity?

Natural killer cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of complement proteins in the immune system?

Aid in the destruction of pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of interferons in opposing the spread of viruses?

Inhibit viral replication in neighboring cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of pyrogens that trigger the onset of fever?

Macrophages Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which macrophages combat pathogens?

Phagocytosis and antigen presentation Signup and view all the answers

Which chemicals mobilize the body's defenses and initiate inflammation?

Histamines and prostaglandins Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of natural killer cells in defense mechanisms?

Killing virus-infected and tumor cells Signup and view all the answers

What are the actions of margination, diapedesis, and chemotaxis in neutrophils' defense against pathogens?

Migration out of blood vessels and towards pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of pus in the context of immune responses?

Dead neutrophils, tissue debris, and pathogens Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of hyperemia in the context of inflammation?

Promoting vasodilation to increase blood flow Signup and view all the answers

Immune System and Barrier Defenses Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which type of immunity is characterized by specificity and memory?

What is the primary function of natural killer cells in the immune system?

Which of the following is a characteristic of fever (pyrexia)?

What are the four cardinal signs of inflammation?

What is the main source of interferons in the body?

Which pathway of complement activation is initiated by antigen-antibody complexes?

What is the role of perforins and granzymes in defense mechanisms?

What is the primary mechanism by which neutrophils combat pathogens?

What do macrophages release to recruit other immune cells to the site of infection?

What is the composition of pus?

What are the three properties of the skin that make it an effective barrier to pathogens?

What are the three pathways of complement activation?

What are the defining characteristics of innate immunity?

How do mucous membranes resist microbial invasion?

What is the primary source of complement proteins?

What is the role of natural killer cells in defense mechanisms?

What is the main function of interferons in opposing the spread of viruses?

Which mechanism accounts for the four cardinal signs of inflammation?

What are the benefits of fever (pyrexia) in combating pathogens?

How do macrophages recruit other immune cells to the site of infection?

Which type of lymphocyte is involved in adaptive immunity?

What is the primary source of interferons in the body?

Which mechanism accounts for the formation, composition, and fate of pus?

What are the roles of organic acids and antimicrobial peptides in the skin's barrier function?

Which type of immunity is characterized by specificity and memory?

What are the defining characteristics of natural killer cells?

How do complement proteins aid in the destruction of pathogens?

What are the primary chemicals that mobilize the body’s defenses and initiate inflammation?

What is the primary role of macrophages in defense mechanisms?

What is the danger of excessive fever in combating pathogens?

What do inflammatory cytokines primarily mediate in the inflammatory response?

What is the primary function of the respiratory burst in neutrophils?

Which type of lymphocyte plays a role in innate immunity?

What is the main function of complement proteins in the immune system?

What is the role of interferons in opposing the spread of viruses?

What is the source of pyrogens that trigger the onset of fever?

What is the primary mechanism by which macrophages combat pathogens?

Which chemicals mobilize the body's defenses and initiate inflammation?

What is the primary role of natural killer cells in defense mechanisms?

What are the actions of margination, diapedesis, and chemotaxis in neutrophils' defense against pathogens?

What is the composition of pus in the context of immune responses?

What is the primary function of hyperemia in the context of inflammation?

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