38 Questions
Which immune mediated disease is associated with immune complex deposition in synovial basement membrane?
IMPA
What is the type of hypersensitivity reaction involved in IMPA?
Type III
Which type of IMPA is most common and has no identified trigger?
Type I
Which type of IMPA is associated with infection remote from joints?
Type II
Which type of IMPA is associated with inflammatory GI disease?
Type III
Which type of IMPA is associated with neoplastic disease?
Type IV
What is one of the diagnostic clues for glomerular disease in relation to IMPA?
Proteinuria on urinalysis
What is one of the diagnostic clues for skin lesions in relation to IMPA?
Cutaneous bruising
What is one of the diagnostic clues for IMHA (Evan’s Syndrome) in relation to IMPA?
Anaemia
Why is prompt treatment important for IMPA?
To reverse the disease
Which of the following is an example of an immune mediated disease in dogs?
Immune mediated thrombocytopenia
What is the main difference between immune mediated disease and autoimmune disease?
The type of immune response involved
Which of the following is an example of an immune mediated disease in humans?
Rheumatoid arthritis
What is the term used to describe immune mediated destruction of adrenal glands in dogs?
Addison's disease
Which of the following is an example of irreversible immune mediated disease in dogs?
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
Which of the following is an example of an immune mediated disease affecting the thyroid gland?
Grave's disease
What is the term used to describe the destruction of pancreatic islet cells in humans?
Type I diabetes
Which of the following is an example of an immune mediated disease affecting the joints in dogs?
Immune mediated polyarthritis
What is the term used to describe the immune mediated destruction of thyroid follicular epithelium in humans?
Hypothyroidism
Which type of hypersensitivity is characterized by immune complex deposition in the renal glomerulus, synovium, or uveal tract?
Type III hypersensitivity
Which of the following is NOT an example of a multisystemic immune mediated disease in dogs?
Hypothyroidism
What is the primary trigger for idiopathic immune mediated disease?
Unknown
Which age group of dogs is more likely to develop immune mediated diseases?
Mid to older age
Which type of immune response is associated with the destruction of thyroid tissue in hypothyroidism?
Type IV hypersensitivity
What is the mechanism of red blood cell destruction in immune mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA)?
Type II hypersensitivity
What is the main difference between primary and secondary immune mediated diseases?
Primary diseases have a known trigger, while secondary diseases do not.
What is the pathophysiology of immune-mediated polyarthritis (IMPA)?
The pathophysiology of IMPA involves a type III hypersensitivity reaction, immune complex deposition in synovial basement membrane, complement cascade activation, recruitment of inflammatory cells, and release of nitric oxide, free radicals, and proteases leading to tissue damage.
What is the significance of prompt treatment for IMPA?
Prompt treatment for IMPA is important because it is potentially reversible and if a trigger antigen is found and/or an underlying cause can be treated, it could avoid the use of immune suppressive drugs.
How is IMPA categorized according to trigger factors?
IMPA is categorized according to trigger factors into Type I (idiopathic), Type II (associated with infection remote from joints), Type III (associated with inflammatory GI disease), Type IV (associated with neoplastic disease), and as part of a multi-systemic immune-mediated disease.
What are the three types of hypersensitivity reactions involved in immune mediated diseases?
Type II, Type III, Type IV
What are the recognized genetic predispositions for immune mediated diseases in dogs?
Cocker Spaniel: IMHA, IMT, hypothyroidism, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, immune mediated pancreatitis
What are the age-related changes to the immune system that make mid to older age dogs more likely to get immune mediated diseases?
Reduction in cell mediated immunity, shift in balance of circulating T cells
What are the possible triggers for secondary immune mediated diseases?
Infection, drugs, neoplastic disease, inflammation, vaccine
What is the link between chronic pancreatitis/enteropathy and immune mediated cytopenias?
Chronic pancreatitis/enteropathy is associated with immune mediated cytopenias
What is the definition of immune mediated disease?
An immune mediated disease refers to a condition where the body's immune response targets its own healthy cells and organs.
What is the failure that occurs in immune mediated disease?
The failure of the mechanisms that underpin 'self-tolerance'.
Provide three examples of immune mediated diseases in dogs.
Autoimmune or immune mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA), Immune mediated thrombocytopenia (IMT), Immune mediated polyarthritis (IMPA).
What is the management approach for reversible immune mediated diseases?
Treatment is aimed at reducing or controlling the abnormal or aberrant immune response to improve clinical signs of disease.
Test your knowledge on the principles of immune mediated diseases! Learn about the failure of "self-tolerance" and how the immune response can target the body's own cells. Explore the mechanisms behind immune mediated diseases and their impact on overall health.
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