Illusory Correlation Concepts

Questions and Answers

Which of the following is an example of illusory correlation? (Select all that apply)

All of the options are correct. (correct)

A person who has a friendly encounter with a telemarketer believes that all telemarketers are kind.

A person who has a bad experience with lawyers concludes that all lawyers are crooks.

A person who is robbed on the west side of town concludes that all people from the west side are thieves.

Illusory correlation is created when which of the following happens?

None of the options are correct

Two separate variables occur at different times

Two separate variables occur at the same time (correct)

The same variable occurs randomly

In illusory correlation, the relationship is illusory in that:

The relationship between the two variables is real; people just don't perceive the full extent of it.

None of the options are correct.

The relationship between the two variables is an illusion; it is based on our limited perception and not having enough information. (correct)

The relationship between the two variables is hard to perceive and leaves no room for assumptions.

Illusory correlation contributes to the development of what?

<p>Stereotypes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is illusory correlation?

<p>The assumption of a relationship between two variables that are either not related at all or are not as closely related as we think</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Definition of Illusory Correlation

Illusory correlation refers to a perceived relationship between two variables that does not actually exist or is weaker than perceived.
It can lead to false assumptions about relationships in observational data.

Examples of Illusory Correlation

Conclusions drawn from specific experiences can lead to generalized beliefs about groups.
A person robbed in a certain area may judge all individuals from that area as untrustworthy.
Positive experiences, such as a friendly telemarketer, can cause assumptions that all telemarketers are kind.
Negative experiences with a profession, like lawyers, can foster the belief that all members of that profession are dishonest.

Conditions for Illusory Correlation

It occurs when two variables happen to take place simultaneously, suggesting a connection.
The illusion persists despite a lack of solid empirical evidence supporting the perceived association.

Characteristics of Illusory Correlation

Relationships seen in illusory correlations are based on limited perception and insufficient information.
People may overlook competing data or alternative explanations that invalidate their assumptions.

Consequences of Illusory Correlation

Contributes significantly to the formation of stereotypes, as unfounded beliefs about groups are forged.
It may also influence cultural knowledge and personal relationships between groups by fostering bias.

Understanding Illusory Correlation

It represents the assumption of a relationship between unrelated variables, or an overestimation of the strength of a weak relationship.

Description

Test your understanding of illusory correlation through a series of flashcards. Explore different examples and definitions to solidify your knowledge about how we make assumptions based on limited experiences. This quiz is perfect for psychology students looking to enhance their critical thinking skills.