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Questions and Answers
What is the primary difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks?
What is the primary difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks?
- The composition of the minerals
- The rate of cooling of the magma (correct)
- The location of the magma chamber
- The temperature of the magma
Which of the following statements about the classification of igneous rocks is true?
Which of the following statements about the classification of igneous rocks is true?
- Igneous rocks are classified based on their grain size
- Igneous rocks are classified based on their mineral composition (correct)
- Igneous rocks are classified based on their texture
- Igneous rocks are classified based on their location of formation
What is the reason for the difference in texture between phaneritic and aphanitic rocks?
What is the reason for the difference in texture between phaneritic and aphanitic rocks?
- The difference in the location of the magma chamber
- The difference in the rate of cooling (correct)
- The difference in the type of minerals present
- The difference in the composition of the magma
Which type of igneous rock is characterized by a porphyritic texture?
Which type of igneous rock is characterized by a porphyritic texture?
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What is the primary factor that determines the composition of an igneous rock?
What is the primary factor that determines the composition of an igneous rock?
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Study Notes
Igneous Rocks
- Intrusive vs Extrusive Igneous Rocks: The primary difference lies in their formation; intrusive rocks form below the Earth's surface (cooler, slower cooling), while extrusive rocks form above the surface (hotter, faster cooling).
Classification of Igneous Rocks
- True Statement: Igneous rocks are classified based on their mineral composition and texture.
Texture of Igneous Rocks
- Phaneritic vs Aphanitic Textures: The difference in texture is due to the rate of cooling; phaneritic rocks cool slowly, allowing for large crystals to form, while aphanitic rocks cool quickly, resulting in small crystals.
Porphyritic Texture
- Characteristics of Porphyritic Rocks: This type of rock is characterized by having large crystals (phenocrysts) embedded in a finer-grained matrix.
Composition of Igneous Rocks
- Factors Affecting Composition: The primary factor determining the composition of an igneous rock is the type of magma (molten rock) from which it forms, influenced by the source of the magma and the processes that occur during its ascent and cooling.
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Test your knowledge on the formation and classification of igneous rocks, including intrusive and extrusive types, textures, and composition.
