IB Physics Measurement and Uncertainties Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which term describes a measurement that is close to the true value?

  • Accuracy (correct)
  • Precision
  • Uncertainty
  • Random Error

    • Which of the following is NOT one of the Options offered for the IB Diploma in Physics?

  • Astrophysics
  • Engineering physics
  • Relativity
  • Geophysics (correct)

    • A measurement can be accurate but not precise.

    True

    What is the formula used to calculate the mean of N measurements?

    <p>x̄ = (x1 + x2 + ... + xN) / N</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Both Standard Level (SL) and Higher Level (HL) Physics share the same core content.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What year does this edition of Physics for the IB Diploma cover for the syllabus content?

    <p>2016–2022</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Measurements are considered precise if the random uncertainty is __________.

    <p>small</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their definitions:

    <p>Accuracy = Closeness of measurements to the true value Precision = Clustering of repeated measurements Random Error = Variability in measurement results Uncertainty = Confidence in the measurement value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Students can access additional resources online by visiting ______.

    <p>education.cambridge.org/ibsciences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scenarios describes measurements that are accurate but not precise?

    <p>Measurements are spread out but average near the true value.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following topics with their corresponding descriptions:

    <p>Topics 1–8 = Common core for SL and HL Topics 9–12 = Extended content for HL Options = Specialized topics for deeper study Appendices = Supplementary information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a set of measurements is both accurate and precise, they are all clustered together and close to the true value.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is included in the model exam papers?

    <p>Answers to exam-style questions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The book is organized in alignment with the structure of the IB Physics syllabus.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The __________ of a set of measurements provides the best estimate for that quantity.

    <p>mean</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of understanding the worked examples included in the book?

    <p>They are crucial for performing well in the exam.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum power observed in the experiment?

    <p>4.1 W</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The value of R at maximum power is 1.2 Ω.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated uncertainty in R?

    <p>± 0.1 Ω</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The gradient of the best-fit line is ______ N m−1.

    <p>202</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following values with their uncertainties:

    <p>R = ± 0.1 Ω Power = ± 0.1 W Gradient = ± 8 Nm−1 Intercept = ± 0.2 N</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The uncertainty in the gradient is calculated using the formula ∆k = (kmax - kmin) / 2.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the largest uncertainty in the vertical intercept?

    <p>± 0.2 N</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term is used to describe consistent errors that affect measurement?

    <p>Systematic errors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All scientific measurements are free from uncertainties.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of errors that scientists recognize in measurements?

    <p>Systematic errors and random errors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In scientific research, the pursuit of greater accuracy leads to the exploration of new _____ and the refinement of techniques.

    <p>ideas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When scientists refer to measurement uncertainty, what are they conveying?

    <p>The possibility of error in a measurement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the equations with the corresponding dependencies of Q:

    <p>Q = a = Q is directly proportional to a Q = 2a + 3b = Q depends on a and b combined Q = a - 2b = Q decreases with increasing b Q = a^2 = Q is proportional to the square of a</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential outcome when a new experimental result contradicts existing theory?

    <p>It may initiate a new area of research.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Scientists distinguish between _____ and uncertainty to evaluate their experimental results.

    <p>inaccuracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for electric voltage in a circuit?

    <p>V = V0 e−t/RC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The period T of a pendulum increases if its length L is decreased.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expression for centripetal force?

    <p>F = mvr</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The uncertainty in the radius and height of a cone is 4%. The percentage uncertainty in the volume is _____%.

    <p>12</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the quantities with their appropriate formulas or concepts:

    <p>Area of a circle = πr² Circumference of a circle = 2πr Volume of a cone = (1/3)πR²h Period of a pendulum = 2π√(L/g)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the mass of an object is measured as 2.8 ± 0.1 kg and its velocity is 14 ± 2 m/s, what is its centripetal force considering the radius is 8.0 ± 0.2 m?

    <p>F = 78.4 N</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The area of a rectangle can be calculated using the formula A = length × width.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The time for the voltage in an RC circuit to reduce to half its initial value is known as the _____ time.

    <p>half-life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What geometrical shape is formed when adding two vectors using the parallelogram method?

    <p>Parallelogram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The diagonal of a parallelogram formed by two vectors represents their sum.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of the vector operation d - e?

    <p>The vector that equals the difference of d and e.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    To add two vectors, you can also draw one vector so that it starts where the other vector ______.

    <p>stops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following vector operations with their descriptions:

    <p>Addition = Combining two vectors to find a resultant vector Subtraction = Finding the difference between two vectors Zero Vector = The resultant of vectors forming a closed polygon Scaling = Changing the magnitude of a vector by a scalar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about vectors when forming closed polygons is true?

    <p>Their magnitude adds up to zero.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Vectors can only be added when they start from the same point.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In vector addition, the operation is performed by completing a ______ with the two vectors.

    <p>parallelogram</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    IB Physics Diploma Syllabus (2016-2022)

    • Syllabus covers Standard Level (SL) and Higher Level (HL) physics
    • Topics 1-8 are common core for both SL and HL
    • HL extends the core with Topics 9-12
    • Students choose one Option to complete their studies at both SL and HL
    • HL content is indicated by "HL" in topic or section titles, and red page borders
    • Four Options are accessible online at education.cambridge.org/ibsciences

    Measurement and Uncertainties

    • Accuracy refers to how close a measurement is to the true value
    • Precision refers to how close repeated measurements are to each other
    • Diagrams (Figure 1.5) illustrate accuracy and precision concepts
    • Random uncertainty is small when multiple measurements are close together
    • Systematic error is consistently high or low, and needs to be accounted for
    • Experiments require multiple repeated measurements
    • Average (mean) is the best estimate of a measured value: (x1 + x2 + ... + xN) / N
    • Uncertainty in measurements is crucial
    • Error bars are used to show uncertainty in plotted data points
    • Best fit line, includes areas of maximum and minimum gradient on a graph
    • Finding uncertainty from a gradient on a graph: (kmax - kmin)/2
    • Finding uncertainty from vertical intercept on a graph: (intercept max − intercept min)/2
    • Scientists acknowledge uncertainty in results; need to differentiate inaccuracy from uncertainty
    • Reducing experimental errors is a key aspect of the scientific method
    • Improvements in techniques can lead to more precise results or overturned theories

    Additional Information

    • Example questions for calculation of sum and difference with uncertainties are provided (questions 23)
    • Example questions for determining quantity Q and its uncertainties are provided (questions 24)
    • Example questions for determining centripetal force with uncertainties are provided (question 25)
    • Example questions for calculating uncertainty of areas, circumference of circles, rectangles are provided (questions 26-27)
    • Example question about pendulum period is provided (question 28)
    • Example question about cone volume is provided (question 29)
    • Example question for plotting data to assess proportionality of current with voltage is provided (question 31)
    • Example question about circle and square area comparison is provided (question 32)
    • Example question about capacitor voltage vs. time graph is provided (question 33)
    • Example question relates star mass to luminosity is provided (question 34)
    • Vector addition is explained; addition of multiple vectors to result in zero vector is discussed in an example
    • Vector subtraction is discussed

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    Physics for the IB Diploma 6th Edition (PDF)

    Description

    Test your knowledge on measurement concepts in IB Physics, focusing on accuracy, precision, and various types of uncertainties. This quiz covers the essential topics from the IB Diploma syllabus and assesses your understanding of systematic errors and repeated measurements. Prepare to strengthen your physics foundation with this engaging assessment.

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