Untitled Quiz

Mercantilism

• Belief that profitable national trading benefits the economy.

Viceroys

• Representatives of a country or sovereign, often sent from another country to govern a territory.

Tariffs

• Taxes imposed by one country on goods imported from another.

Francisco Pizarro

• Spanish conquistador who conquered the Inca Empire, founding the city of Lima, Peru.

Mestizos

• People of mixed race, typically Spanish and Indigenous descent.

Cash Crops

• Agricultural products grown primarily for commercial sale rather than personal use.

Reconquista

• Centuries-long struggle between Christians and Muslims in Iberia (Spain and Portugal).

Vasco de Gama

• Portuguese explorer who was the first to sail from Europe to India by rounding the Cape of Good Hope in Africa.

Columbian Exchange

• The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, people, and ideas between Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas.

“Gold, God, Glory”

• Term used to describe the motivations behind European overseas exploration, including the pursuit of wealth, religious conversion, and national glory.

Treaty of Tordesillas

• Agreement between Spain and Portugal defining their respective spheres of exploration and colonization.

Peninsulares

• Spaniards born in Spain residing in the New World, Spanish East Indies, or Spanish Guinea.

Jamestown (Colony)

• Site of the first permanent English settlement in North America, established on the James River in Virginia.

Indentured Servants

• Laborers who work without pay for a set period to repay for their passage to the colonies or other debts.

Christopher Columbus

• Navigator who explored the Americas under the flag of Spain.