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Questions and Answers
What was the primary motivation behind the term 'Gold, God, Glory' as it relates to European explorers?
Which explorer is known for conquering the Inca Empire and founding Lima, Peru?
What economic theory emphasizes the importance of profitable national trading?
What was the purpose of the Treaty of Tordesillas?
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What type of labor system involved workers repaying loans through labor over time?
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Study Notes
Mercantilism
- Belief that profitable national trading benefits the economy.
Viceroys
- Representatives of a country or sovereign, often sent from another country to govern a territory.
Tariffs
- Taxes imposed by one country on goods imported from another.
Francisco Pizarro
- Spanish conquistador who conquered the Inca Empire, founding the city of Lima, Peru.
Mestizos
- People of mixed race, typically Spanish and Indigenous descent.
Cash Crops
- Agricultural products grown primarily for commercial sale rather than personal use.
Reconquista
- Centuries-long struggle between Christians and Muslims in Iberia (Spain and Portugal).
Vasco de Gama
- Portuguese explorer who was the first to sail from Europe to India by rounding the Cape of Good Hope in Africa.
Columbian Exchange
- The exchange of plants, animals, diseases, people, and ideas between Europe, Asia, Africa, and the Americas.
“Gold, God, Glory”
- Term used to describe the motivations behind European overseas exploration, including the pursuit of wealth, religious conversion, and national glory.
Treaty of Tordesillas
- Agreement between Spain and Portugal defining their respective spheres of exploration and colonization.
Peninsulares
- Spaniards born in Spain residing in the New World, Spanish East Indies, or Spanish Guinea.
Jamestown (Colony)
- Site of the first permanent English settlement in North America, established on the James River in Virginia.
Indentured Servants
- Laborers who work without pay for a set period to repay for their passage to the colonies or other debts.
Christopher Columbus
- Navigator who explored the Americas under the flag of Spain.
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