Hypertension Management Quiz

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What is the traditional upper limit of normal for systolic and diastolic BP in mmHg?

140/90 (correct)

130/90

150/100

120/80

What percentage of hypertensive cases is due to Primary (Essential) Hypertension?

95% (correct)

25%

50%

10%

What proportion of individuals with hypertension is greater in blacks than in whites?

Varies with age

Equal

Higher (correct)

Lower

Which age group usually experiences the onset of secondary hypertension?

25-40 Signup and view all the answers

What is the better predictor of complications in individuals over age 50?

Systolic blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

What has declined 40-60% over the past 2-3 decades, reflecting the increasing proportion of successfully treated patients?

Mortality rates for coronary heart disease and stroke Signup and view all the answers

Which test is much more sensitive than ECG in detecting left ventricular hypertrophy?

Echocardiography Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended salt intake goal for hypertensive patients?

5-6 g/day Signup and view all the answers

What should be evaluated in order to exclude aortic dissection and peripheral atherosclerosis?

Pulse wave velocity Signup and view all the answers

What should be confirmed through laboratory investigations in hypertensive patients?

Serum potassium levels Signup and view all the answers

Which test is mandatory in resistant and complicated hypertension to evaluate cerebral, cardiac, renal, and vascular damage?

Peripheral artery/abdominal ultrasound Signup and view all the answers

What should be the BMI goal for hypertensive patients?

$25 kg/m^2$ Signup and view all the answers

What should be evaluated to confirm additional risk factors and secondary hypertension?

$HbA1c$ if FGP >5.6 mmol/L or previous diabetes diagnosis Signup and view all the answers

What test is recommended in the routine evaluation of uncomplicated hypertension?

$12-$lead ECG$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the limit for moderate alcohol intake for men?

$20-30 g/day$ Signup and view all the answers

What test should be conducted to evaluate presence of organ damage in hypertensive patients?

Quantitative proteinuria Signup and view all the answers

The diagnosis of Hypertension should be made after elevation is noted on how many readings on different occasions?

Three readings Signup and view all the answers

What may ambulatory 24-hour blood pressure monitoring be helpful for?

Evaluating patients with borderline or variable office blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

What role do genetic factors play in essential hypertension?

Important role Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary abnormality in contraceptive-related hypertension?

Increase in hepatic synthesis of renin substrate Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of secondary hypertension due to renal artery stenosis in younger individuals?

Fibromuscular dysplasia Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of renal vascular hypertension?

Excessive renin release due to reduced renal blood flow Signup and view all the answers

What test is the definitive diagnostic test for renal vascular hypertension?

Renal arteriography Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred approach for treatment of renal artery stenosis in young individuals with fibromuscular dysplasia?

Angioplasty Signup and view all the answers

Which factor has long been incriminated as a pathogenic factor in essential hypertension?

Increased salt intake Signup and view all the answers

What does renin act on to create angiotensin II?

Angiotensinogen Signup and view all the answers

What may play a role in 'labile' hypertension, characterized by marked blood pressure fluctuations?

Sympathetic activation Signup and view all the answers

Why should blood pressure not be measured within 1 hour after smoking and 12 hours after alcohol consumption?

Due to increased plasma norepinephrine Signup and view all the answers

Which imaging method can demonstrate the lesion in patients with primary hyperaldosteronism and Cushing's syndrome?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the usual cause of hypertension in patients with excess aldosterone secretion?

Adrenal adenoma Signup and view all the answers

What is a common clinical finding in patients with pheochromocytoma?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a complication of untreated hypertension related to sustained elevations of blood pressure?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the major predisposing cause of stroke, especially intracerebral hemorrhage?

Hypertensive Cerebrovascular Disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the major cause and exacerbating factor in many patients with dissection of the aorta?

Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease Signup and view all the answers

What do attacks of anxiety, palpitations, profuse perspiration, pallor, and tremor suggest in patients?

Pheochromocytomas Signup and view all the answers

What does ECG evidence of LV hypertrophy indicate in chronic hypertensives?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is a common finding in primary hyperaldosteronism?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which physical finding has a worse prognosis when stage II or higher changes are present?

Retinal changes in hypertension according to Keith-Wagener classification Signup and view all the answers

What are the major causes of morbidity and mortality in essential hypertension?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is a common finding in hypertensive renal disease?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Hypertension Management Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the traditional upper limit of normal for systolic and diastolic BP in mmHg?

What percentage of hypertensive cases is due to Primary (Essential) Hypertension?

What proportion of individuals with hypertension is greater in blacks than in whites?

Which age group usually experiences the onset of secondary hypertension?

What is the better predictor of complications in individuals over age 50?

What has declined 40-60% over the past 2-3 decades, reflecting the increasing proportion of successfully treated patients?

Which test is much more sensitive than ECG in detecting left ventricular hypertrophy?

What is the recommended salt intake goal for hypertensive patients?

What should be evaluated in order to exclude aortic dissection and peripheral atherosclerosis?

What should be confirmed through laboratory investigations in hypertensive patients?

Which test is mandatory in resistant and complicated hypertension to evaluate cerebral, cardiac, renal, and vascular damage?

What should be the BMI goal for hypertensive patients?

What should be evaluated to confirm additional risk factors and secondary hypertension?

What test is recommended in the routine evaluation of uncomplicated hypertension?

What is the limit for moderate alcohol intake for men?

What test should be conducted to evaluate presence of organ damage in hypertensive patients?

The diagnosis of Hypertension should be made after elevation is noted on how many readings on different occasions?

What may ambulatory 24-hour blood pressure monitoring be helpful for?

What role do genetic factors play in essential hypertension?

What is the primary abnormality in contraceptive-related hypertension?

What is the most common cause of secondary hypertension due to renal artery stenosis in younger individuals?

What is the mechanism of renal vascular hypertension?

What test is the definitive diagnostic test for renal vascular hypertension?

What is the preferred approach for treatment of renal artery stenosis in young individuals with fibromuscular dysplasia?

Which factor has long been incriminated as a pathogenic factor in essential hypertension?

What does renin act on to create angiotensin II?

What may play a role in 'labile' hypertension, characterized by marked blood pressure fluctuations?

Why should blood pressure not be measured within 1 hour after smoking and 12 hours after alcohol consumption?

Which imaging method can demonstrate the lesion in patients with primary hyperaldosteronism and Cushing's syndrome?

What is the usual cause of hypertension in patients with excess aldosterone secretion?

What is a common clinical finding in patients with pheochromocytoma?

Which of the following is a complication of untreated hypertension related to sustained elevations of blood pressure?

What is the major predisposing cause of stroke, especially intracerebral hemorrhage?

What is the major cause and exacerbating factor in many patients with dissection of the aorta?

What do attacks of anxiety, palpitations, profuse perspiration, pallor, and tremor suggest in patients?

What does ECG evidence of LV hypertrophy indicate in chronic hypertensives?

What is a common finding in primary hyperaldosteronism?

Which physical finding has a worse prognosis when stage II or higher changes are present?

What are the major causes of morbidity and mortality in essential hypertension?

What is a common finding in hypertensive renal disease?

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