Hypercholesterolemia and Cholesterol Metabolism
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Questions and Answers

Which pathway involves the absorption of cholesterol from dietary sources?

  • Intracellular pathway
  • Exogenous pathway (correct)
  • Endogenous pathway
  • Biosynthesis pathway

What percentage of total circulating cholesterol exists in the form of cholesterol esters?

  • 90%
  • 70% (correct)
  • 50%
  • 10%

Where is cholesterol synthesized in the endogenous pathway?

  • Liver (correct)
  • Kidney
  • Intestine
  • Brain

Which part of a cholesterol molecule enhances its hydrophobicity?

<p>Long chain fatty acid residue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the actual concentration of plasma cholesterol in healthy individuals?

<p>150-200 mg/dl (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of lipoproteins does cholesterol circulate as?

<p>Cholesterol esters (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of cholesterol mentioned in the text?

<p>Synthesis of amino acids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is cholesterol primarily synthesized de novo in the body?

<p>Liver (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of cholesterol for non-hepatic cells?

<p>Low density lipoproteins (LDL) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which regulatory mechanism inactivates HMG-CoA reductase due to dietary cholesterol?

<p>Allosteric regulation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What provides the reducing equivalents for the synthesis of cholesterol?

<p>NADPH (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why can't humans metabolize the cholesterol ring structure to carbon dioxide and water?

<p>Lack of enzymes for the process (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the intact steroid nucleus in the body?

<p>It is converted to bile acids and bile salts. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to refer to a high blood cholesterol level?

<p>Hypercholesterolemia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can happen if excess cholesterol is not managed?

<p>Deposition under the skin and tendons as Xanthomas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes some people to suffer from hypercholesterolemia at a young age?

<p>Genetic disorders affecting HMG-CoA reductase (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can hypercholesterolemia often be prevented?

<p>Exercising regularly and following a low-fat diet (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When diet and exercise fail to reduce cholesterol levels, what may be recommended?

<p>Cholesterol lowering medications (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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