Hypercholesterolemia and Cholesterol Metabolism
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Questions and Answers

Which pathway involves the absorption of cholesterol from dietary sources?

  • Intracellular pathway
  • Exogenous pathway (correct)
  • Endogenous pathway
  • Biosynthesis pathway
  • What percentage of total circulating cholesterol exists in the form of cholesterol esters?

  • 90%
  • 70% (correct)
  • 50%
  • 10%
  • Where is cholesterol synthesized in the endogenous pathway?

  • Liver (correct)
  • Kidney
  • Intestine
  • Brain
  • Which part of a cholesterol molecule enhances its hydrophobicity?

    <p>Long chain fatty acid residue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the actual concentration of plasma cholesterol in healthy individuals?

    <p>150-200 mg/dl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of lipoproteins does cholesterol circulate as?

    <p>Cholesterol esters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of cholesterol mentioned in the text?

    <p>Synthesis of amino acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is cholesterol primarily synthesized de novo in the body?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of cholesterol for non-hepatic cells?

    <p>Low density lipoproteins (LDL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which regulatory mechanism inactivates HMG-CoA reductase due to dietary cholesterol?

    <p>Allosteric regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What provides the reducing equivalents for the synthesis of cholesterol?

    <p>NADPH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can't humans metabolize the cholesterol ring structure to carbon dioxide and water?

    <p>Lack of enzymes for the process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the intact steroid nucleus in the body?

    <p>It is converted to bile acids and bile salts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to refer to a high blood cholesterol level?

    <p>Hypercholesterolemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen if excess cholesterol is not managed?

    <p>Deposition under the skin and tendons as Xanthomas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes some people to suffer from hypercholesterolemia at a young age?

    <p>Genetic disorders affecting HMG-CoA reductase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can hypercholesterolemia often be prevented?

    <p>Exercising regularly and following a low-fat diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When diet and exercise fail to reduce cholesterol levels, what may be recommended?

    <p>Cholesterol lowering medications</p> Signup and view all the answers

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