17 Questions
What is the fate of the intact steroid nucleus in the body?
It is eliminated from the body by conversion to bile acids and bile salts
What is hypercholesterolemia?
A term used to refer to a high blood cholesterol level
What can excess cholesterol lead to in the body?
Atherosclerosis increasing risk for myocardial infarction and strokes
What are Xanthomas?
Deposits of excess cholesterol under the skin and tendons
What genetic disorder can lead to hypercholesterolemia at a young age?
Mutation in the regulatory enzyme HMG-CoA reductase
What lifestyle choices can help prevent hypercholesterolemia?
Regular exercise and following a low-fat diet
What is the primary source of exogenous cholesterol?
Dietary intake
Which of the following statements about the structure of cholesterol is correct?
It contains four rings and 27 carbon atoms
What percentage of total circulating cholesterol is in the form of cholesterol esters?
70%
Which of the following is NOT a regulator of cholesterol metabolism?
Glucose metabolism
What is the typical concentration range of plasma cholesterol in healthy individuals?
150-200 mg/dl
Which of the following statements about cholesterol esters is correct?
They enhance the hydrophobicity of cholesterol
What is the main function of cholesterol in the synthesis of bile salts?
Facilitating lipid digestion and absorption
Where do non-hepatic cells primarily obtain cholesterol from?
Low density lipoproteins (LDL)
Which type of regulation involves insulin activating HMG-CoA reductase by dephosphorylation?
Hormonal regulation
Why is cholesterol important for the synthesis of steroid hormones like estrogen and progesterone?
To act as a precursor molecule
What provides all the carbon atoms in cholesterol during its synthesis?
Acetyl CoA from the citric acid cycle
Learn about hypercholesterolemia, a condition characterized by high blood cholesterol levels, and its impact on the body. Excess cholesterol can lead to atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, strokes, and the formation of xanthomas. Genetic disorders affecting HMG-CoA reductase can also play a role in cholesterol regulation.
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