Hypercholesterolemia and its Effects on the Body
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Questions and Answers

What is the fate of the intact steroid nucleus in the body?

  • It gets stored in the liver for later use
  • It is eliminated from the body by conversion to bile acids and bile salts (correct)
  • It is converted into muscle tissue
  • It is broken down into glucose for energy production

    • What is hypercholesterolemia?

  • A condition with high blood sugar levels
  • A disease caused by excess protein intake
  • A condition with abnormally low blood cholesterol levels
  • A term used to refer to a high blood cholesterol level (correct)

    • What can excess cholesterol lead to in the body?

  • Increased vitamin absorption
  • Reduced risk of heart diseases
  • Atherosclerosis increasing risk for myocardial infarction and strokes (correct)
  • Enhanced brain function

    • What are Xanthomas?

    <p>Deposits of excess cholesterol under the skin and tendons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What genetic disorder can lead to hypercholesterolemia at a young age?

    <p>Mutation in the regulatory enzyme HMG-CoA reductase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What lifestyle choices can help prevent hypercholesterolemia?

    <p>Regular exercise and following a low-fat diet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of exogenous cholesterol?

    <p>Dietary intake</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the structure of cholesterol is correct?

    <p>It contains four rings and 27 carbon atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of total circulating cholesterol is in the form of cholesterol esters?

    <p>70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a regulator of cholesterol metabolism?

    <p>Glucose metabolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical concentration range of plasma cholesterol in healthy individuals?

    <p>150-200 mg/dl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about cholesterol esters is correct?

    <p>They enhance the hydrophobicity of cholesterol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of cholesterol in the synthesis of bile salts?

    <p>Facilitating lipid digestion and absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do non-hepatic cells primarily obtain cholesterol from?

    <p>Low density lipoproteins (LDL)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of regulation involves insulin activating HMG-CoA reductase by dephosphorylation?

    <p>Hormonal regulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is cholesterol important for the synthesis of steroid hormones like estrogen and progesterone?

    <p>To act as a precursor molecule</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What provides all the carbon atoms in cholesterol during its synthesis?

    <p>Acetyl CoA from the citric acid cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

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