Hydroxyl Radical and Growth Requirements Quiz

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Which of the following forms of oxygen is toxic and highly reactive?

Oxygen covalently bound in compounds

Molecular oxygen in its ground state

Gaseous O2

Singlet oxygen (correct)

What is the primary function of superoxide dismutases in aerobes?

To detoxify superoxide radicals (correct)

To facilitate aerobic respiration

To convert oxygen to water

To produce singlet oxygen

Which of the following enzymes do obligate anaerobes lack or have in small amounts?

Catalase

Peroxidase

Both catalase and peroxidase (correct)

Superoxide dismutase

What is the primary function of carotenoids in phototropic organisms?

To remove excess energy from singlet oxygen Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following forms of oxygen is formed during reactions catalyzed by superoxide dismutase?

Peroxide anion Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of catalase and peroxidase enzymes in aerobes?

To detoxify peroxide anion Signup and view all the answers

What type of culture medium is used to differentiate between microorganisms based on their ability to ferment certain carbohydrates?

Differential medium Signup and view all the answers

Which type of culture medium is used to support the growth of microorganisms that require specific nutrients or growth factors?

Defined medium Signup and view all the answers

What type of culture medium is used to support the growth of microorganisms that require low oxygen levels?

Anaerobic medium Signup and view all the answers

Which type of culture medium contains a complex mixture of nutrients, such as peptone, yeast extract, and meat extract?

Complex medium Signup and view all the answers

What type of culture medium is used to inhibit the growth of unwanted microorganisms and allow the growth of a specific target organism?

Selective medium Signup and view all the answers

Which type of culture medium is used to maintain the viability of microorganisms during transportation?

Transport medium Signup and view all the answers

What type of culture medium is used to determine the metabolic capabilities of microorganisms?

Differential medium Signup and view all the answers

Which type of culture medium is used to support the growth of microorganisms that require a specific set of nutrients?

Defined medium Signup and view all the answers

What type of culture medium is used to inhibit the growth of aerobic microorganisms and support the growth of anaerobic microorganisms?

Anaerobic medium Signup and view all the answers

Which type of culture medium is used to support the growth of a wide range of microorganisms?

Complex medium Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of microbial growth?

An aggregation of cells arising from a single parent cell Signup and view all the answers

What do autotrophs use as a source of carbon?

Carbon dioxide Signup and view all the answers

Which group of organisms acquires energy from redox reactions involving inorganic and organic chemicals?

Chemotrophs Signup and view all the answers

Why is oxygen deadly for obligate anaerobes?

Because it is the final electron acceptor in the Electron Transport Chain (ETC) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of nutrients in microbial growth?

To build organic molecules and cellular structures Signup and view all the answers

Which group of organisms uses light as their primary energy source?

Autotrophs Signup and view all the answers