Hydrometeorological Hazards Objectives

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Questions and Answers

What is the wind speed range for Signal #3?

121-170 km per hr (correct)

30-61 km per hr

171-220 km per hr

61-120 km per hr

How many hours before the expected occurrence is Signal #4 hoisted?

12 hours (correct)

36 hours

18 hours

24 hours

What are the essential components required to form a thunderstorm?

Wind, rain, and hail

Warm air, clouds, and air pressure

Heat, pressure, and lightning

Moisture, stable air, and lift (correct)

What is the main feature of a thunderstorm?

Lightning Signup and view all the answers

When does a thunderstorm occur?

When moisture forms clouds and rains Signup and view all the answers

What is the distinctive characteristic of lightning?

Bright flash Signup and view all the answers

What can help block storm surge according to the text?

Man-made seawalls and breakwaters Signup and view all the answers

How much can a sufficiently wide and tall vegetation canopy reduce land inundation according to the text?

5-40% Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to a storm surge as spiraling winds towards the storm?

Long fetch of winds spiraling inward Signup and view all the answers

What does a low-pressure-induced dome of water do in relation to a storm surge, according to the text?

It draws up water and trails the storm's center Signup and view all the answers

What phenomenon increases the chances of hurricanes according to the text?

El Nino Signup and view all the answers

How frequently does La Nina (Cold event) occur compared to El Nino according to the text?

Half as frequent Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended action to take when a thunderstorm starts?

Find a sturdy building or a vehicle with closed windows Signup and view all the answers

What should you do to minimize hearing damage from thunder during a thunderstorm?

Cover your ears with your hands Signup and view all the answers

Why should you stay away from water during a thunderstorm?

Water can carry electric charge Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a flash flood and a flood?

A flash flood occurs within 6 hours of a causative event Signup and view all the answers

What should you do if someone is struck by lightning during a thunderstorm?

Immediately call for help Signup and view all the answers

What should you avoid doing during a thunderstorm?

Using electric equipment and appliances Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of recognizing impending signs of hydrometeorological hazards?

To minimize loss of life and property damage Signup and view all the answers

What type of storm is also called a 'bagyo'?

Typhoon Signup and view all the answers

Hydrometeorological hazards can contribute to which of the following?

Transport and dispersal of toxic substances Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for raising storm signal warnings and naming storms in the Philippines?

PAGASA Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a type of hydrometeorological hazard?

Epidemics Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process or phenomenon of atmospheric, hydrological or oceanographic nature that may cause harm?

Hydrometeorological hazard Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Wind Speed and Signal Information

Signal #3 indicates wind speeds ranging from 121 to 170 km/h.
Signal #4 is hoisted 24 hours before the expected occurrence of significant weather events.

Thunderstorm Formation and Features

Essential components for thunderstorm formation include moisture, instability, and a lifting mechanism.
The main feature of a thunderstorm is its capability to produce lightning and thunder, often accompanied by severe weather conditions.
Thunderstorms typically occur in warm, humid conditions and can develop when rising warm air cools and condenses.

Characteristics of Lightning

Lightning is distinguished by its brilliant flash of light, occurring due to the discharge of electricity within a thunderstorm.

Storm Surge Mitigation

A sufficiently wide and tall vegetation canopy can reduce land inundation by approximately 50%.
Storm surges can be exacerbated by spiraling winds that contribute to the overall rise of water levels.

Low-Pressure and Storm Surge Dynamics

A low-pressure-induced dome of water forms as a result of the atmospheric pressure drop, leading to higher water levels near the coast during a storm surge.

Weather Phenomena and Events

The phenomenon of La Niña increases the chances of hurricanes, occurring in the Pacific Ocean.
La Niña events occur more frequently than El Niño events, contributing to the variability of weather patterns.

Thunderstorm Safety Actions

When a thunderstorm begins, it is recommended to seek shelter indoors to ensure safety.
To minimize hearing damage from thunder, it is best to cover your ears or move away from windows and doors.

Water Safety During Thunderstorms

Staying away from water is critical during a thunderstorm to avoid the risk of electrocution or drowning.

Flood Terminology

A flash flood refers to rapid flooding that occurs in a short time frame due to intense rainfall, whereas a flood is a more gradual inundation of land.

Lightning Strike Response

If someone is struck by lightning, it is crucial to provide immediate medical attention and call emergency services.

Thunderstorm Precautions

During a thunderstorm, avoid using electrical appliances and stay away from tall structures or trees.

Hazard Recognition Goals

The primary goal of recognizing impending signs of hydrometeorological hazards is to ensure public safety and preparedness against potential disasters.

Terminology and Definitions

A storm classified as 'bagyo' in the Philippines typically refers to a typhoon or tropical cyclone.
Hydrometeorological hazards can lead to devastating impacts like floods, landslides, and other natural disasters.
The agency responsible for raising storm signal warnings and naming storms in the Philippines is PAGASA (Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical, and Astronomical Services Administration).
Clogged drainage systems are NOT considered types of hydrometeorological hazards.
The term describing harmful atmospheric, hydrological, or oceanographic phenomena is "hazard."

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Description

Learn how to distinguish, recognize signs, and develop emergency plans for different hydrometeorological hazards. Understand the process and impact of atmospheric, hydrological, and oceanographic phenomena.