Podcast
Questions and Answers
What classification has the highest sustained winds of 118 to 220 km/hour?
What classification has the highest sustained winds of 118 to 220 km/hour?
- Tropical Depression
- Tropical Storm
- Severe Tropical Storm
- Typhoon or Hurricane (correct)
Which weather phenomenon is most directly associated with the onset of heavy rains and typhoons from June to September in the Philippines?
Which weather phenomenon is most directly associated with the onset of heavy rains and typhoons from June to September in the Philippines?
- Summer Southwest Monsoon (Habagat) (correct)
- Northeast Monsoon (Amihan)
- El Niño
- Tropical Cyclone
What is the origin of the word 'monsoon'?
What is the origin of the word 'monsoon'?
- A Greek term meaning 'season'
- A Sanskrit term for 'change'
- An Arabic word meaning 'season' (correct)
- A Latin word for 'rain'
Which of the following tropical cyclone classifications features winds up to 61 km/hour?
Which of the following tropical cyclone classifications features winds up to 61 km/hour?
What is primarily affected by tropical cyclones once they move over land?
What is primarily affected by tropical cyclones once they move over land?
What is the purpose of a Tropical Cyclone Wind Signal (TCWS)?
What is the purpose of a Tropical Cyclone Wind Signal (TCWS)?
Which type of tropical cyclone has sustained winds exceeding 220 km/hour?
Which type of tropical cyclone has sustained winds exceeding 220 km/hour?
During which season does the Northeast Monsoon (Amihan) predominantly occur in the Philippines?
During which season does the Northeast Monsoon (Amihan) predominantly occur in the Philippines?
What type of construction is likely to suffer minimal to minor damage during adverse weather conditions?
What type of construction is likely to suffer minimal to minor damage during adverse weather conditions?
Which crops are expected to suffer considerable damage due to strong winds?
Which crops are expected to suffer considerable damage due to strong winds?
What is a common consequence for structures made of light materials during a storm?
What is a common consequence for structures made of light materials during a storm?
Which of the following is a potential outcome for public transportation during severe weather?
Which of the following is a potential outcome for public transportation during severe weather?
What is typically the most common cause of death associated with a tsunami?
What is typically the most common cause of death associated with a tsunami?
What is expected to happen to unsecured outdoor items during strong winds?
What is expected to happen to unsecured outdoor items during strong winds?
How might well-constructed houses react to adverse weather conditions?
How might well-constructed houses react to adverse weather conditions?
Which statement best defines a Tsunami Warning?
Which statement best defines a Tsunami Warning?
What type of items may become projectiles in a storm?
What type of items may become projectiles in a storm?
What primarily drives coastal processes?
What primarily drives coastal processes?
Which of the following best describes coastal erosion?
Which of the following best describes coastal erosion?
What is the expected impact on telecommunications during a severe weather event?
What is the expected impact on telecommunications during a severe weather event?
What causes saltwater intrusion into freshwater aquifers?
What causes saltwater intrusion into freshwater aquifers?
What phenomenon refers to the rising of seawater due to storm-related changes?
What phenomenon refers to the rising of seawater due to storm-related changes?
What does crustal movement refer to?
What does crustal movement refer to?
Which of the following is a type of coastal hazard?
Which of the following is a type of coastal hazard?
What is the most important action to take if you live in a temporary structure during a typhoon?
What is the most important action to take if you live in a temporary structure during a typhoon?
Why should you avoid elevators during a typhoon?
Why should you avoid elevators during a typhoon?
After a typhoon has passed, what should you do if you smell gas in your home?
After a typhoon has passed, what should you do if you smell gas in your home?
What should you do during a lull in winds while a typhoon is occurring?
What should you do during a lull in winds while a typhoon is occurring?
What type of room is recommended for taking refuge during a typhoon?
What type of room is recommended for taking refuge during a typhoon?
What should you check for before entering your home after a typhoon?
What should you check for before entering your home after a typhoon?
If you evacuated, when is it safe to return home?
If you evacuated, when is it safe to return home?
What is advised if you need to use tap water after a typhoon?
What is advised if you need to use tap water after a typhoon?
What type of houses are most likely to suffer from major damage during a typhoon?
What type of houses are most likely to suffer from major damage during a typhoon?
Which of the following structures is at a greater risk of roof failure during a typhoon?
Which of the following structures is at a greater risk of roof failure during a typhoon?
What is a likely consequence of a typhoon in terms of infrastructure?
What is a likely consequence of a typhoon in terms of infrastructure?
Which of the following will likely be severely impacted by a typhoon?
Which of the following will likely be severely impacted by a typhoon?
Which type of damage is most common in high-rise office buildings during a typhoon?
Which type of damage is most common in high-rise office buildings during a typhoon?
What is the expected impact on trees during a typhoon?
What is the expected impact on trees during a typhoon?
How many of the top five destructive typhoons occurred in the last 50 years?
How many of the top five destructive typhoons occurred in the last 50 years?
What is a potential hazard related to airborne debris during a typhoon?
What is a potential hazard related to airborne debris during a typhoon?
Flashcards are hidden until you start studying
Study Notes
Hydrometeorological and Coastal Hazards
- Hydrometeorological hazards arise from climate processes including tropical cyclones, floods, tsunamis, storm surges, and coastal erosion.
Tropical Cyclones
- Tropical cyclones (or typhoons) are intense storms originating in tropical regions, characterized as the most powerful weather systems.
- Typhoons occur in the Western North Pacific, hurricanes in the North Atlantic and Eastern North Pacific, and cyclones in the Indian Ocean.
- Philippine classifications of tropical cyclones include:
- Tropical Depression: Winds up to 61 km/h
- Tropical Storm: Winds of 62 to 88 km/h
- Severe Tropical Storm: Winds of 89 to 117 km/h
- Typhoon/Hurricane: Winds of 118 to 220 km/h
- Super Typhoon: Winds exceeding 220 km/h
- Cyclones form over warm ocean waters and weaken on land; forecasting is critical for damage prevention.
Monsoons
- Monsoons are seasonal wind and rain patterns, derived from the Arabic word "mawsim" meaning season.
- Two primary monsoons in the Philippines:
- Summer Southwest (Habagat): June to September brings heavy rainfall.
- Winter Northeast (Amihan): October to late March leads to dry and clear conditions.
Potential Impacts of Tropical Cyclones
- Poorly constructed houses (wood, bamboo) may experience minimal to minor damage.
- Moderate winds can damage crops, especially rice during flowering and ripening.
- Wind damage could lead to fallen branches and trees impacting agriculture.
- Strong winds can cause severe damage to makeshift structures and old buildings.
- Industrial parks may face moderate damage; power outages are common.
- Cyclones can result in widespread destruction of crops and trees, causing significant disruptions in utilities and transportation.
Typhoon Preparedness and Response
- High-risk housing (temporary or weak structures) could collapse during strong winds.
- Residents near coasts or flood-prone areas should find a safe interior space during a typhoon.
- Essential safety tips include remaining indoors, avoiding glass doors, and seeking shelter in small, secure spaces.
- After a typhoon, stay updated via local news, avoid flooded areas, and inspect for gas leaks or structural damage.
Tsunamis
- Drowning is the leading cause of death in tsunamis; rapid evacuation is crucial.
- Tsunami alerts include:
- Warning: Imminent widespread inundation expected.
- Advisory: Dangerous currents likely near the water.
- Watch: Potential for impacting events.
Marine and Coastal Processes
- Oceanography studies processes in seas and oceans affecting coastal environments.
- Coastal processes consist of waves, tides, sea level changes, storm surges, and crustal movements.
- Waves result from air movement; tides come from the gravitational forces between Earth and the moon.
- Sea level rise can be caused by melting glaciers and icebergs.
- Storm surges occur due to pressure and wind changes during storms, impacting coastal regions.
Coastal Hazards
- Coastal erosion is the loss of land along coasts due to natural forces like waves and storms.
- Saltwater intrusion occurs when seawater flows into freshwater aquifers, often due to coastal groundwater extraction.
- Submersion refers to sediment movement from visible beach areas to submerged coastal regions, leading to further alterations in shoreline dynamics.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
