Hybridoma Technology: Unit-III Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the term used for fused cells resulting from the fusion of lymphocytes and tumor cells?

  • Lymphotumor
  • Monocytoma
  • Antigenoma
  • Hybridoma (correct)
  • Who discovered hybridoma technology in 1975?

  • Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch
  • Georges Kohler and Cesar Milstein (correct)
  • Marie Curie and Pierre Curie
  • Watson and Crick
  • What type of cell is used in step I for extracting B-lymphocytes?

  • Skin cell from sheep
  • Normal bone marrow cell
  • Spleen cell of mouse immunized with RBCs from sheep (correct)
  • Tumor cell
  • What is added to a culture of myeloma cells in step II of monoclonal antibody production?

    <p>Extracted B-lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of repeated injection of specific antigen (sheep RBCs) in step I?

    <p>To isolate B-lymphocyte producing certain antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of hybridoma technology?

    <p>Ability to produce large numbers of pure antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the next step after the fusion of B-cell and myeloma cell in hybridoma technology?

    <p>Selection of hybridoma cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can B-cells grow in HAT medium while myeloma cells cannot?

    <p>Because myeloma cells lack the enzyme HGPRT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of culturing hybridoma cells?

    <p>To allow the hybridoma cells to divide and survive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which culture medium is NOT commonly used for hybridoma cells in the production of monoclonal antibodies?

    <p>FBS (Fetal bovine serum)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final step in the production of monoclonal antibodies using hybridoma technology?

    <p>Extraction and purification of monoclononal antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are vaccines produced in large scale?

    <p>To ensure they are effective as a public health tool</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a challenge associated with large-scale production of vaccines?

    <p>Meeting the demand for vaccines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method is NOT used for extraction and purification of monoclonal antibodies?

    <p>Western blot analysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of HAT medium in hybridoma technology?

    <p>Select only hybridoma cells to grow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are hybridoma cells injected into lab animals?

    <p>To stimulate production of monoclonal antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of sericulture?

    <p>To cultivate silkworms and extract silk from them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which country is the world's leading producer of silk?

    <p>India</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes up approximately 80% of the silk fiber?

    <p>Fibroin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of sericin in the silk fiber?

    <p>Imparting color to the silk</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of sericulture does the Eri, Muga, and Tasar silkworms contribute to?

    <p>Wild silk sericulture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What supports the silk industry in India?

    <p>Various types of silk worms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary use of silk in the textile industry?

    <p>Making women’s hosiery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the production of mulberry silk?

    <p>Moriculture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are mulberry plants primarily grown for silk production?

    <p>Stem grafting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common method for harvesting mulberry leaves for silkworm feed?

    <p>Leaf picking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is done to maintain humidity during the silkworm rearing process?

    <p>Soaking foam strips in water and placing them on the tray</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the silkworm larvae after reaching maturity?

    <p>They become translucent and shrink</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final product obtained from the sericulture process?

    <p>Mulberry silk threads</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are silk filaments extracted from the silkworm cocoons?

    <p>&quot;Unwinding&quot; the silk filaments by hand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Hybridoma Technology

    • Hybridoma cells are fused cells resulting from the fusion of lymphocytes and tumor cells.
    • Hybridoma technology was discovered by Kohler and Milstein in 1975.
    • Spleen cells are used in step I for extracting B-lymphocytes.
    • In step II, PEG (polyethylene glycol) is added to a culture of myeloma cells.
    • Repeated injection of specific antigen (sheep RBCs) in step I is for immunization.
    • The main advantage of hybridoma technology is the production of large quantities of monoclonal antibodies.

    Hybridoma Cell Culture

    • After fusion of B-cell and myeloma cell, the next step is to culture the hybridoma cells.
    • B-cells can grow in HAT (Hypoxanthine-Aminopterin-Thymidine) medium while myeloma cells cannot due to a lack of HPRT (Hypoxanthine-guanine Phosphoribosyltransferase) and TK (Thymidine Kinase) enzymes.
    • Hybridoma cells are cultured to produce monoclonal antibodies.
    • RPMI (Roswell Park Memorial Institute) medium is commonly used for hybridoma cells in monoclonal antibody production.

    Monoclonal Antibody Production

    • The final step in the production of monoclonal antibodies using hybridoma technology is the purification of antibodies.
    • Vaccines are produced in large scale to meet global demand.
    • A challenge associated with large-scale production of vaccines is maintaining consistency and quality.
    • Chromatography is a common method used for extraction and purification of monoclonal antibodies.
    • Electrophoresis is not typically used for extraction and purification of monoclonal antibodies.

    Sericulture

    • HAT medium is used to select hybridoma cells that produce antibodies.
    • Hybridoma cells are injected into lab animals to produce ascites fluid containing high concentrations of antibodies.
    • The main purpose of sericulture is to produce silk.
    • India is a significant producer of silk, but China is the world's leading producer.
    • Sericin makes up approximately 20% of the silk fiber, while fibroin makes up approximately 80%.
    • Sericin is a protein that holds the fibroin fibers together.
    • Eri, Muga, and Tasar silkworms contribute to non-mulberry sericulture.
    • The Government of India supports the silk industry through various initiatives.
    • The primary use of silk in the textile industry is for making high-quality clothing.

    Mulberry Silk Production

    • The first step in the production of mulberry silk is the cultivation of mulberry plants for silkworm feed.
    • Mulberry plants are primarily grown in well-irrigated areas.
    • Mulberry leaves are harvested manually or mechanically for silkworm feed.
    • Humidity is maintained during the silkworm rearing process to prevent dehydration.
    • Silkworm larvae are allowed to spin cocoons after reaching maturity.
    • The final product obtained from the sericulture process is silk fabric.
    • Silk filaments are extracted from the silkworm cocoons through a process called reeling.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge of Hybridoma Technology with this quiz covering the well-established method of producing monoclonal antibodies specific to antigens of interest. Learn about the discovery of hybridoma technology and the process of creating antibody-producing hybridoma cells.

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