Humanistic Psychology and Maslow's Theory

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Questions and Answers

What is a key defining characteristic of the humanistic perspective in psychology?

Focus on unconscious motivations

Emphasis on free will and choice (correct)

Study of structural elements of the mind

Analysis of behavior through conditioning

In which decade did the humanistic approach to psychology primarily develop?

1960s and 70s (correct)

1940s

1980s

1950s

Which example aligns with Maslow's stage of Self-Esteem?

Achieving one’s full potential, including creative activities

Food, water, shelter, clothing, sleep

Friendship, family, intimacy, sense of connection

Confidence, achievement, respect of others (correct)

What must an individual achieve to progress upward in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

Each preceding level of need Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes deﬁciency needs in Maslow's hierarchy?

They motivate people when they are unmet. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of physiological needs?

Home ownership Signup and view all the answers

What was one of Abraham Maslow's family influences during his upbringing?

Low socioeconomic status Signup and view all the answers

How are growth needs primarily characterized?

They are aimed at achieving fulfillment in personal development. Signup and view all the answers

According to Maslow, what emerges once physiological needs are met?

Higher needs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following pairs correctly matches the category with its example in Maslow’s hierarchy?

Safety Needs - Food, water, shelter Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes safety needs in Maslow's hierarchy?

The instinctual need for physical security and emotional stability. Signup and view all the answers

The quote regarding man's needs after being filled with 'bread' suggests that:

Higher needs become prominent in the absence of lower needs Signup and view all the answers

What do love and belonging needs emphasize?

The importance of accepted and meaningful relationships. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors does NOT fall under safety needs?

Creative expression Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of physiological needs in Maslow's hierarchy?

To ensure basic biological survival. Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Maslow's hierarchy, which statement about deﬁciency and growth needs is correct?

Deﬁciency needs must be satisfied before growth needs can be addressed. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of cognitive needs in an individual's development?

Processing information and promoting understanding Signup and view all the answers

How can self-esteem needs be characterized?

A need for confidence and respect from oneself and others Signup and view all the answers

What do aesthetic needs primarily focus on?

The appreciation of beauty and pleasurable experiences Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a cognitive need?

Building a social network Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what effect does mutual reliance have on a relationship?

It enhances intimacy and supports open communication Signup and view all the answers

What emotion does being accepted by others primarily foster?

A sense of belonging and safety Signup and view all the answers

What impact does respect and admiration from others have on self-esteem?

It fosters a greater sense of confidence and self-respect Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about Mars is accurate based on the content?

Mars is a cold place characterized by iron oxide dust Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Humanistic Perspective Background

Developed in the 1960s and 1970s
Psychology should focus on human experience
Rooted in existential philosophy
Focuses on free will and choice

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Physiological Needs: Food, water, shelter, clothing, sleep (basic survival needs)
Safety Needs: Emotional security, financial security, law and order, social stability, freedom from fear, health, well-being (sense of security)
Love and Belonging Needs: Feeling connected, part of a group, accepted, loved (social connections)
Esteem Needs: Confidence, achievement, respect for self and others, uniquely being an individual (self-worth)
Self-Actualization Needs: Achieving one's full potential, including creative activities (reaching full potential)
Transcendence Needs: Going beyond the ordinary, finding meaning beyond oneself, service to others (spiritual needs)

Maslow's Theory Critiques

Methodology: Biographical analysis is subjective
Sample bias: Primarily focused on predominantly white males
Empirical testing difficulties: Difficult to test scientifically

Additional Information

Cognitive Needs: Knowledge, understanding, curiosity, exploration, need for meaning and predictability
Aesthetic Needs: Appreciation and search for beauty, balance, form
Maslow's revisions over time: Recognized that the hierarchy is not rigid; external factors and individual differences can affect the order; behavior is often motivated by multiple needs simultaneously

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Description

Explore the origins and principles of the humanistic perspective in psychology, including Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. This quiz covers key concepts, critiques, and the significance of human experience in psychological practices, offering insights into self-actualization and transcendence.