Humanistic Psychology and Maslow's Theory
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Questions and Answers

What is a key defining characteristic of the humanistic perspective in psychology?

  • Focus on unconscious motivations
  • Emphasis on free will and choice (correct)
  • Study of structural elements of the mind
  • Analysis of behavior through conditioning

In which decade did the humanistic approach to psychology primarily develop?

  • 1960s and 70s (correct)
  • 1940s
  • 1980s
  • 1950s

Which example aligns with Maslow's stage of Self-Esteem?

  • Achieving one’s full potential, including creative activities
  • Food, water, shelter, clothing, sleep
  • Friendship, family, intimacy, sense of connection
  • Confidence, achievement, respect of others (correct)

What must an individual achieve to progress upward in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

<p>Each preceding level of need (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes deficiency needs in Maslow's hierarchy?

<p>They motivate people when they are unmet. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT an example of physiological needs?

<p>Home ownership (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of Abraham Maslow's family influences during his upbringing?

<p>Low socioeconomic status (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are growth needs primarily characterized?

<p>They are aimed at achieving fulfillment in personal development. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Maslow, what emerges once physiological needs are met?

<p>Higher needs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following pairs correctly matches the category with its example in Maslow’s hierarchy?

<p>Safety Needs - Food, water, shelter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes safety needs in Maslow's hierarchy?

<p>The instinctual need for physical security and emotional stability. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The quote regarding man's needs after being filled with 'bread' suggests that:

<p>Higher needs become prominent in the absence of lower needs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do love and belonging needs emphasize?

<p>The importance of accepted and meaningful relationships. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors does NOT fall under safety needs?

<p>Creative expression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of physiological needs in Maslow's hierarchy?

<p>To ensure basic biological survival. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of Maslow's hierarchy, which statement about deficiency and growth needs is correct?

<p>Deficiency needs must be satisfied before growth needs can be addressed. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of cognitive needs in an individual's development?

<p>Processing information and promoting understanding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can self-esteem needs be characterized?

<p>A need for confidence and respect from oneself and others (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do aesthetic needs primarily focus on?

<p>The appreciation of beauty and pleasurable experiences (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a cognitive need?

<p>Building a social network (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what effect does mutual reliance have on a relationship?

<p>It enhances intimacy and supports open communication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What emotion does being accepted by others primarily foster?

<p>A sense of belonging and safety (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact does respect and admiration from others have on self-esteem?

<p>It fosters a greater sense of confidence and self-respect (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about Mars is accurate based on the content?

<p>Mars is a cold place characterized by iron oxide dust (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Humanistic Perspective

A psychological approach that emphasizes human experience, free will, and personal growth.

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

A hierarchy of needs that suggests people are motivated to fulfill basic needs before moving on to higher-level needs.

Physiological Needs

The most basic need, including food, water, shelter, and sleep.

Safety Needs

The need for security and safety, including feeling safe in your home and environment.

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Love and Belonging Needs

The need for belonging and connection, including feeling loved and accepted by others.

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Self-Esteem Needs

The need to feel good about oneself, including self-esteem and confidence.

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Self-Actualization Needs

The highest level of need, focusing on achieving one's full potential and personal growth.

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Free Will and Choice

The belief that individuals have free will and the ability to make choices that shape their lives.

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Mutual Reliance in Relationships

A dynamic where partners feel valued and supported, leading to increased intimacy and open communication.

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Cognitive Needs

The mental processes involved in processing information, including learning, understanding, curiosity, and problem-solving.

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Aesthetic Needs

The need to appreciate beauty and aesthetics in the world around us and within ourselves, contributing to self-actualization.

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Mars: Red but Cold

Mars is a cold planet despite its red color due to the presence of iron oxide dust.

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Hierarchy of Needs

The basic human needs are organized in a hierarchy based on their importance, with survival needs at the bottom and self-actualization at the top.

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Deficiency Needs

These needs relate to survival and security, including food, water, shelter, safety, and stability. When these needs are met, we can move on to higher-level needs.

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Growth Needs

These needs focus on personal growth, creativity, and achieving your full potential. They are about becoming the best version of yourself.

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Physiological Needs (D-needs)

Examples include food, water, warmth, and sleep. They are essential for your body's basic functioning.

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Safety Needs (D-needs)

These needs involve feeling safe and secure in your environment. They include personal security, financial stability, and freedom from fear.

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Love and Belonging Needs (D-needs)

This level relates to feeling loved, accepted, and connected to others. This includes friendships, family, and romantic relationships.

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Esteem Needs (D-needs)

These needs are about feeling good about yourself and having confidence. They include achieving goals, receiving recognition, and feeling competent.

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Self-Actualization Needs (B-needs)

This is the highest level of need, focusing on self-actualization, or becoming the best version of yourself. It includes reaching your full potential, creativity, and personal growth.

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Study Notes

Humanistic Perspective Background

  • Developed in the 1960s and 1970s
  • Psychology should focus on human experience
  • Rooted in existential philosophy
  • Focuses on free will and choice

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

  • Physiological Needs: Food, water, shelter, clothing, sleep (basic survival needs)
  • Safety Needs: Emotional security, financial security, law and order, social stability, freedom from fear, health, well-being (sense of security)
  • Love and Belonging Needs: Feeling connected, part of a group, accepted, loved (social connections)
  • Esteem Needs: Confidence, achievement, respect for self and others, uniquely being an individual (self-worth)
  • Self-Actualization Needs: Achieving one's full potential, including creative activities (reaching full potential)
  • Transcendence Needs: Going beyond the ordinary, finding meaning beyond oneself, service to others (spiritual needs)

Maslow's Theory Critiques

  • Methodology: Biographical analysis is subjective
  • Sample bias: Primarily focused on predominantly white males
  • Empirical testing difficulties: Difficult to test scientifically

Additional Information

  • Cognitive Needs: Knowledge, understanding, curiosity, exploration, need for meaning and predictability
  • Aesthetic Needs: Appreciation and search for beauty, balance, form
  • Maslow's revisions over time: Recognized that the hierarchy is not rigid; external factors and individual differences can affect the order; behavior is often motivated by multiple needs simultaneously

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Description

Explore the origins and principles of the humanistic perspective in psychology, including Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. This quiz covers key concepts, critiques, and the significance of human experience in psychological practices, offering insights into self-actualization and transcendence.

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