Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was a key belief of the humanists regarding education?
What was a key belief of the humanists regarding education?
- Education should be restricted to religious studies.
- Only the church should dictate beliefs.
- Vernacular languages should not be used in education.
- Classical learning should be emphasized. (correct)
Which of the following describes Lutheranism's view on heaven?
Which of the following describes Lutheranism's view on heaven?
- Only those who perform pilgrimages can enter heaven.
- Heaven is only for the wealthy.
- Heaven is accessible to all, regardless of status. (correct)
- Entry to heaven requires indulgences.
How did the Qing dynasty differ from the Ming dynasty in its governance?
How did the Qing dynasty differ from the Ming dynasty in its governance?
- The Qing dynasty eliminated Confucianism.
- Qing governance involved dual positions for Manchu and Chinese officials. (correct)
- The Ming dynasty allowed greater freedom for intermarriage.
- The Qing dynasty had a less bureaucratic system.
What change did the Manchu implementation in dress bring to Chinese society?
What change did the Manchu implementation in dress bring to Chinese society?
What was the Qing dynasty's stance on trade?
What was the Qing dynasty's stance on trade?
What was one of the major issues the British introduced to China?
What was one of the major issues the British introduced to China?
What was a significant change in the role of the Pope under Lutheranism?
What was a significant change in the role of the Pope under Lutheranism?
What event marked the beginning of the Manchu's ascendancy over the Ming dynasty?
What event marked the beginning of the Manchu's ascendancy over the Ming dynasty?
Flashcards
Humanism
Humanism
A social and philosophical movement that emphasized human potential, classical learning, and moral reform. It advocated for education, vernacular languages, and individual freedom of thought, challenging the dominance of the Church.
Lutheranism
Lutheranism
A Christian denomination founded by Martin Luther, focusing on a simpler, less corrupt form of faith. It emphasizes personal faith, salvation by grace, and reduced reliance on rituals and Church hierarchy.
Qing Dynasty
Qing Dynasty
The last imperial dynasty of China, ruled by the Manchu people. It followed the Ming Dynasty and witnessed both periods of prosperity and tension.
The High Qing Era
The High Qing Era
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Dual Government Positions
Dual Government Positions
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Manchu Dominance
Manchu Dominance
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Qing Economic Policy
Qing Economic Policy
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Opium Trade
Opium Trade
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Study Notes
Humanism
- A social/philosophical reform emphasizing achievement and human potential.
- Promoted classical learning and education.
- Sought religious and moral reform with a separation of church influence in education.
- Encouraged vernacular languages, like Bible translations.
- Advocated for open-mindedness, individual beliefs, and independence from church doctrine.
Lutheranism
- A new Christian faith, stemming from Martin Luther's 95 Theses.
- Aimed for less corruption and stricter rules within the church.
- Believed in equal access to heaven, regardless of social status.
- Rejected indulgences, confessions, pilgrimages to saints, and prayers to saints.
- Simplified religious rituals, emphasizing sermons.
- Allowed clergy marriage and women's spiritual connection.
- Diminished the Pope's authority and influence.
Qing Dynasty
- Followed the Ming Dynasty in China, ruled by ethnically Manchu people.
- The Manchu conquered China after a 17-year struggle.
- Early Qing period ("High Qing Era") marked a time of peace and prosperity under strong leadership.
- Government structure was Confucian-based, with a bureaucracy, but featured dual government positions with both a Chinese and a Manchu official in equal roles.
- The Manchus maintained dominance by keeping Manchuria separate, restricting intermarriage, and imposing cultural changes on Chinese dress.
- The Qing preserved the isolationist Ming economic policy, prioritising agriculture, yet still maintaining light taxes, while international trade grew.
- Cultural influence from Europe increased, along with significant territorial expansion.
- The British, seeking trade in silk and tea, offended the Chinese with perceived arrogance and introduced opium, leading to widespread addiction and economic drain on China.
- The Qing's declining economic fortune, coupled with internal rebellions, ultimately led to their demise in the 20th century, hastened by opium trade and the succession of young emperors.
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Description
Explore the key concepts of Humanism and Lutheranism, both significant movements that sought reform in education and religion. This quiz also delves into the Qing Dynasty, noting its rise after the Ming Dynasty in China. Test your knowledge on these influential social and political transformations.
