Questions and Answers
There are 200 bones in the adult human body.
False
The axial skeleton has 126 bones.
False
The stapes is the largest bone in the human body.
False
Ligaments are part of the skeletal system.
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Bones provide a framework for muscles, fat, and skin.
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Red bone marrow is responsible for storing fat.
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All bones are classified as either long, short, flat, or irregular.
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The diaphysis is composed mostly of spongy bone.
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Study Notes
Skeletal System
- The adult human body has 206 bones, divided into two divisions: axial skeleton (80 bones) and appendicular skeleton (126 bones)
Types of Bones
- Long bones: have a long shaft with two bulky ends or extremities, primarily composed of compact bone, with possible spongy bone at the ends
- Short bones: cube-shaped with equal vertical and horizontal dimensions, primarily composed of spongy bone covered by a thin layer of compact bone
- Flat bones: thin, flattened, and usually curved
- Irregular bones: bones that do not fit into the above categories
Gross Anatomy of a Long Bone
- Diaphysis: the shaft of the bone, composed of compact bone
- Epiphysis: the ends of the bone, composed mostly of spongy bone
Functions of Bones
- Framework: supports muscle, fat, and skin
- Protection: surrounds vital organs like skull, ribs, and pelvis
- Movement: muscles attach to bones to provide movement
- Mineral homeostasis: stores and maintains minerals like calcium and phosphorus
- Production of blood cells: red bone marrow produces red and white blood cells and platelets
- Storage: stores calcium, and yellow bone marrow has adipocytes that store fat
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