Human Resources - BOH4M Training Management

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Questions and Answers

What is the main objective of job rotation in on-the-job training?

  • To increase employee salaries quickly.
  • To expose employees to different experiences and skills. (correct)
  • To reduce the number of employees needed.
  • To limit the training scope to a single job.

Which of the following is NOT a form of on-the-job training?

  • Job rotation
  • Coaching
  • Mentoring
  • Lecture-based training (correct)

How does orientation benefit new employees in an organization?

  • It lowers the overall training costs.
  • It exclusively teaches technical skills.
  • It familiarizes them with jobs and coworkers. (correct)
  • It focuses solely on company policies.

What is a key characteristic of off-the-job training?

<p>It often involves classroom or external learning environments. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which tool is typically used in performance appraisals?

<p>Self-evaluation forms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary disadvantage of the critical incident technique in performance appraisal?

<p>It can overly emphasize extreme behaviors. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which appraisal method involves comparing a person's performance with that of others?

<p>Multiperson comparisons (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the BARS approach improve upon graphic rating scales?

<p>By providing written descriptions of behaviors. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of upward appraisal in performance evaluation?

<p>To gather feedback from subordinates. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of multiperson comparison?

<p>Peer evaluations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key attribute of the learning skills self-assessment method?

<p>It is quick and easy to use. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which appraisal method involves contributions from superiors, subordinates, peers, and customers?

<p>360° feedback (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What challenge is associated with using the critical incident technique?

<p>It under-reports effective behavior. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is intrinsic compensation primarily focused on?

<p>Job satisfaction and personal fulfillment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of extrinsic compensation?

<p>Annual salary of $75,000 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of a compensation mix does a classification of '100% wages' indicate?

<p>100% monetary incentives (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which job type is most likely to utilize a commission-based pay structure?

<p>Sales jobs with measurable targets (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a merit pay increase?

<p>A permanent raise based on performance evaluation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is primarily influenced by a company's approach to work-life balance?

<p>Job satisfaction and productivity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best represents a benefit of intrinsic compensation?

<p>Sense of accomplishment (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of creating a compensation mix?

<p>To break down pay into percentage components (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a primary characteristic of on-the-job training?

<p>It is very hands-on and often involves modeling. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which scenario best describes off-the-job training?

<p>A manager attends a leadership course outside the company. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group is more likely to prefer commission-based compensation?

<p>Young individuals with high confidence in their jobs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a main purpose of performance appraisal?

<p>To evaluate performance relative to objectives and standards. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes coaching from mentoring?

<p>Coaching focuses on specific tasks while mentoring covers broader job elements. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of employee turnover for organizations?

<p>Rise in replacement costs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of performance appraisal uses trait checklists?

<p>Graphic rating scales (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

For what reason might young parents prefer certain employee benefits?

<p>Daycare benefits for their children (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the retention rate indicate about an organization's workforce?

<p>The success of management in keeping employees (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an off-the-job training method?

<p>Attending a professional conference. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might a manager choose to give performance appraisals?

<p>To assess work accomplishments and provide feedback. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common implication of high employee turnover?

<p>Increased training costs for new hires (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is true about mentoring in the workplace?

<p>It is typically more comprehensive and broad. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is 'replacement' within a workforce primarily defined?

<p>Managing promotions, transfers, and terminations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of compensation mix might a highly confident sales professional prefer?

<p>75% commission with bonuses and benefits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compensation strategy is likely preferred by individuals seeking stable, predictable income?

<p>Regular salary payments (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Orientation

A set of activities designed to familiarize new employees with their jobs, coworkers, and key aspects of the organization.

Job Rotation

A job design technique in which employees are moved between two or more jobs in a planned manner. The objective is to expose the employees to different experiences and wider variety of skills to enhance job satisfaction and to cross-train them.

Coaching

A type of on-the-job training where an experienced employee guides a less experienced employee.

Modeling

A type of on-the-job training where a more experienced employee serves as a role model for a less experienced employee.

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Training

A set of activities that provides the opportunity to acquire and improve job-related skills.

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On-the-Job Training

A process that helps employees develop their skills and knowledge, often through a combination of practical exercises, demonstrations, and feedback.

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Mentoring

A long-term relationship where a more experienced individual (mentor) provides guidance, support, and advice to a less experienced individual (mentee). It focuses on career development and personal growth.

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Off-the-Job Training

Training programs that occur outside the regular work environment, allowing employees to acquire new knowledge and skills in a dedicated setting.

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Performance Appraisal

A formal evaluation of an employee's job performance, typically conducted by a manager or supervisor.

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Graphic Rating Scales

A type of performance appraisal that uses a scale or checklist to rate employee performance on specific traits or characteristics.

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Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales (BARS)

A performance appraisal method that defines specific behaviors that represent different levels of performance. These behaviors form a scale that is used to evaluate performance.

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Critical Incidents Technique

A performance appraisal method that focuses on recording and evaluating specific examples of positive or negative performance behaviors.

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Multiperson Comparisons

This method compares one employee's performance with that of another. Different techniques can be used, like ranking or pairing.

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Peer Appraisal

An appraisal process where colleagues evaluate each other's performance. Used to gain different perspectives.

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Upward Appraisal

Employees provide feedback on their supervisor's performance.

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360° Feedback

Performance feedback is collected from various sources, such as superiors, subordinates, peers, and even internal and external customers.

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Alternatives to Supervisory Appraisal

Appraisal methods where employees receive feedback from multiple sources, including superiors, peers, and subordinates.

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Compensation

The package of things an employee receives in return for doing their job.

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Intrinsic Compensation

Non-material benefits that offer a sense of fulfillment, achievement, or purpose. This can include factors like job satisfaction, personal growth, and good relationships with coworkers.

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Extrinsic Compensation

Material forms of compensation, including financial benefits such as salary, wages, bonuses, and benefits.

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Wages

A type of extrinsic compensation involving a fixed amount of money paid per hour worked.

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Salary

A type of extrinsic compensation involving a fixed amount of money paid per year or month, regardless of hours worked.

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Piecework

A type of extrinsic compensation involving a fixed amount of money paid for each unit of output produced.

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Commission

A type of extrinsic compensation involving a percentage of each sale made.

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Compensation Mix

A breakdown of the different types of pay an employee receives, expressed as percentages. The total dollar amount of pay doesn't matter in this calculation - it's all about proportions.

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Compensation Preferences

The preference of an employee regarding the way they would like to be paid, whether it be salary (fixed income), commission (based on performance), or benefits (health insurance, retirement plans, etc.). Compensation preferences can vary based on factors such as age, family situation, and career goals. For example, young, highly qualified individuals might prefer commission-based compensation due to their willingness to take risks, while individuals with families might prefer a stable salary.

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Retention Rate

The ratio of employees retained by an organization over a specific time period. It's a measure of how well an organization is able to keep its employees. Retention rates often fluctuate depending on industry, company culture, employee satisfaction, and economic factors.

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Turnover Rate

The percentage of employees who leave an organization over a specific time period. It can occur due to voluntary resignations, terminations, or other reasons. High turnover rates can be costly due to replacement costs, lost productivity, and disruption to teamwork.

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Replacement

The process of managing employee transitions within an organization, including promotions, transfers, terminations, layoffs, and retirements. This involves strategically addressing employee movement to maintain workforce stability and effectiveness. Replacement decisions impact talent management, organizational structure, and overall business performance.

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Quality Workforce

A strategy for attracting and retaining high-performing employees, focusing on creating a positive work environment, offering competitive compensation and benefits, and providing opportunities for growth and development. This involves actively managing employee satisfaction, job engagement, and career progression.

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Replacement Costs

The costs associated with replacing employees who leave an organization. These expenses include recruitment, hiring, training, onboarding, and lost productivity during the transition period. High turnover rates can significantly impact an organization's bottom line due to these replacement costs.

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Recruitment and Hiring

The process of identifying, hiring, and training new employees to fill open positions. This involves various steps, including job posting, screening resumes, conducting interviews, and onboarding new hires. Effective recruitment and hiring practices are essential for attracting and securing top talent.

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Study Notes

Human Resources - BOH4M

  • Managing HR after training
  • Success criteria include explaining on-the-job and off-the-job training types, describing performance appraisal significance, constructing appraisals using various tools, and developing ideal compensation mixes.

Orientation and Training

  • Orientation is a set of activities to familiarize new employees with their jobs, coworkers, and the organization.
  • The Office – Orientation is an example of orientation
  • There are two types of training: on-the-job and off-the-job.
  • On-the-job training includes job rotation, coaching, mentoring and modeling.
  • Off-the-job training includes management development courses and employee retreats.

On-The-Job Training

  • Job Rotation: Employees are moved between two or more jobs to expose them to different skills and experience, enhancing job satisfaction and cross-training.

  • Coaching: Focuses on performance elements of specific tasks; done by immediate supervisors or experienced coworkers, often involves modeling the task.

  • Mentoring: Focuses on a broader set of tasks, more general; done by someone experienced; involves taking someone under their 'wing'. More hands-off than coaching.

Off-the-Job Training

  • Management training is the most typical off-the-job training.
  • Companies send managers to short courses.
  • Company employee retreats can also be used for off-the-job training.
  • Other types of training can also apply to specific tasks (e.g., software training).

Performance Appraisal

  • Performance appraisal formally assesses an employee's work accomplishments and provides feedback.

  • Purposes include evaluation (knowing where they stand relative to objectives and standards) and development (assisting in training and continued personal development).

  • Types of appraisals include graphic rating scales, BARS (behaviorally anchored rating scales), critical incident technique, and multiperson comparison.

Compensation

  • Compensation is what an employee receives in return for doing their job.
  • There are two types of compensation:
    • Intrinsic compensation: non-material job benefits (e.g., sense of fulfillment, achievement, purpose, accomplishment, great relationships with coworkers).

    • Extrinsic compensation: material things (e.g., wages, salary, paid benefits).

    • Compensation mix: showing the types of pay a person receives in percentages (not dollar amounts).

    • Examples of compensation mixes: 100% wages, 85% salary/15% benefits, 70% commission/30% salary.

    • Compensation Mix Patterns:

    • Commission is mostly used in sales jobs, wages in lower paying jobs and salary in professional jobs.

    • Compensation Preferences:

    • People prefer commission (young, highly qualified, willing to take risks) , salary ( stable income, families), and benefits (middle-aged, older workers).

Retention & Turnover

  • Retention: keeping employees
  • Turnover: losing employees (firing, quitting, retiring)
  • Turnover is expensive due to replacement costs.
  • Retention rate: 90% means 90% of the employees stayed.
  • Turnover rate: 10% means that 10% of the employees left.

Replacement

  • Replacement includes promotions, transfers, terminations, layoffs, and retirements
  • It is the management of turnover.
  • Decisions relate to shifting people within the organisation, retirements, and terminations.

Additional Information

  • Study questions 4 and 5 address workforce development and maintenance.
  • Activity in page 31 demonstrates the task of making compensation mix.
  • Activity in page 34 is for homework (completing a compensation mix example).

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