Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary purpose of psychological testing in the employment decision process?
What is the primary purpose of psychological testing in the employment decision process?
- To determine their salary expectations
- To evaluate a candidate's future behavior (correct)
- To gauge their work experience
- To assess their communication skills
What is the primary purpose of staffing in management?
What is the primary purpose of staffing in management?
- To automate the recruitment process
- To define human resource needs and manage employees (correct)
- To establish organizational culture
- To reduce operational costs
What does an aptitude test measure?
What does an aptitude test measure?
- Work history
- Capacity and potential ability to learn (correct)
- Personality traits
- Interpersonal skills
Which of the following factors is likely to increase an employee's desire to work?
Which of the following factors is likely to increase an employee's desire to work?
Which activity is NOT part of the staffing procedure?
Which activity is NOT part of the staffing procedure?
Which option is not a technique used in downward communication?
Which option is not a technique used in downward communication?
Which form of communication is defined as transmitted through hearing or sight?
Which form of communication is defined as transmitted through hearing or sight?
In the selection process, which method focuses on assessing actual job-related performances?
In the selection process, which method focuses on assessing actual job-related performances?
What is the main focus of human resource planning?
What is the main focus of human resource planning?
What are hygiene factors according to Herzberg's theory?
What are hygiene factors according to Herzberg's theory?
What does induction entail for new employees?
What does induction entail for new employees?
What type of document is typically used to provide specific company policies and procedures?
What type of document is typically used to provide specific company policies and procedures?
Which of the following methods is used specifically for performance appraisal?
Which of the following methods is used specifically for performance appraisal?
What does the promotion process entail in employment decisions?
What does the promotion process entail in employment decisions?
Which of the following best describes emotive function in communication?
Which of the following best describes emotive function in communication?
What role does programming play in the staffing procedure?
What role does programming play in the staffing procedure?
Which function of communication is primarily aimed at controlling behaviors within an organization?
Which function of communication is primarily aimed at controlling behaviors within an organization?
Which of the following is not a stage in the process of motivation?
Which of the following is not a stage in the process of motivation?
What is expectancy in the context of motivation theory?
What is expectancy in the context of motivation theory?
What is the main focus of equity theory in motivation?
What is the main focus of equity theory in motivation?
What describes the transfer process in an employment context?
What describes the transfer process in an employment context?
What does valence refer to in expectancy theory?
What does valence refer to in expectancy theory?
What motivates individuals to perform well in their jobs according to Herzberg’s theory?
What motivates individuals to perform well in their jobs according to Herzberg’s theory?
How does self-confidence contribute to motivation?
How does self-confidence contribute to motivation?
What is the highest level in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
What is the highest level in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs?
Which type of reinforcement is focused on encouraging positive behavior by the removal of negative consequences?
Which type of reinforcement is focused on encouraging positive behavior by the removal of negative consequences?
According to Edwin A. Locke's Goal Setting Model, which aspect is critical for improving work behavior?
According to Edwin A. Locke's Goal Setting Model, which aspect is critical for improving work behavior?
What did McClelland's Needs Theory emphasize in motivation?
What did McClelland's Needs Theory emphasize in motivation?
Which of the following is classified as positive reinforcement?
Which of the following is classified as positive reinforcement?
Which approach in job design is focused on aligning individual strengths with job roles?
Which approach in job design is focused on aligning individual strengths with job roles?
What type of motivation technique involves rewarding individuals for their participation in decision-making?
What type of motivation technique involves rewarding individuals for their participation in decision-making?
Which of the following describes extinction in B.F. Skinner's reinforcement theory?
Which of the following describes extinction in B.F. Skinner's reinforcement theory?
What is the primary purpose of job rotation?
What is the primary purpose of job rotation?
Which of the following is an intrinsic reward?
Which of the following is an intrinsic reward?
What is a characteristic of self-managed teams?
What is a characteristic of self-managed teams?
Which method allows employees to determine their own work hours?
Which method allows employees to determine their own work hours?
What is typically a feature of Quality Control Circles?
What is typically a feature of Quality Control Circles?
Which type of need is characterized by a desire for influence over others?
Which type of need is characterized by a desire for influence over others?
Which of the following best describes sabbaticals?
Which of the following best describes sabbaticals?
What type of rewards are granted by another party to the individual?
What type of rewards are granted by another party to the individual?
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Study Notes
Human Resource Management
- Physical tests assess employees' physical health during recruitment.
- Staffing involves defining human resource needs, hiring, selecting, training, and developing personnel.
- Staffing procedure consists of human resource planning, recruitment, selection, induction, training, performance appraisal, and employment decision-making.
Staffing Procedure
- Human Resource Planning: Identifies competencies needed to achieve company goals.
- Forecasting: Anticipates future human resource needs.
- Programming: Translates forecasted needs into action plans.
- Evaluation and Control: Monitors action plans to ensure effectiveness.
- Recruitment: Attracts individuals to apply for open positions.
- Selection: Chooses the most suitable candidates for the job.
- Methods for candidate qualification include application blanks, interviews, references, testing, and psychological assessments.
Induction and Orientation
- Induction informs new employees of essential company details.
- Orientation welcomes new employees into the work environment.
Training and Development
- Focuses on upskilling employees to meet job requirements.
Performance Appraisal
- Measures employee performance using various methods:
- Work standard method, rating scale method, management by objectives, critical incident method, essay method, checklist method, and assessment center method.
Employment Decision-Making
- Involves financial rewards tied to employee performance.
- Promotions elevate employees to higher responsibilities and pay.
- Transfers move employees to similar roles in different departments.
- Demotions reduce responsibilities and pay, considered a form of punishment.
Communication
- Communication defined as sharing information through symbols and messages.
- Functions include informing, emoting, controlling, and motivating.
- Downward communication techniques include letters, meetings, manuals, handbooks, and newsletters.
Motivation Theories
- Herzberg's Two Factor Theory categorizes job satisfaction into hygiene factors (dissatisfiers) and motivators (satisfiers).
- Expectancy Theory emphasizes perception of expected outcomes influencing motivation.
- Equity Theory focuses on fairness in reward systems.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
- Five basic needs: physiological, safety, social (belonging), esteem, and self-actualization.
Goal Setting Theory
- Objectives improve performance through established goals, deadlines, and quality standards.
Skinner’s Reinforcement Theory
- Positive reinforcement encourages desirable behaviors.
- Negative reinforcement removes adverse conditions.
- Punishment discourages undesirable behaviors.
- Extinction involves the absence of reinforcement.
McClelland’s Needs Theory
- Identifies three motivating needs: power, affiliation, and achievement.
Process of Motivation
- Involves establishing individual and organizational goals.
- Categorizes rewards into extrinsic (external) and intrinsic (internal).
Job Design
- Effective job design matches workers' skills to their roles.
- Techniques include job rotation and realistic job previews to prepare employees effectively.
Additional Motivation Techniques
- Flexible work schedules allow employees to set their own hours.
- Family support services assist employees with personal obligations.
- Sabbaticals offer extended breaks for employees after years of service.
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