Human Physiology Quiz

Red blood cells (RBCs) are essential components of blood, responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.

Haematology is the branch of medicine specializing in the study, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases related to blood, blood-forming organs, and blood disorders.

Immunity is the body's natural defense system against foreign invaders like bacteria, viruses, and parasites. It helps protect us from infections and diseases.

RBCs are produced in the bone marrow, a soft tissue found inside bones.

RBCs are biconcave in shape, meaning they have a flattened, disc-like appearance that helps them efficiently carry oxygen and move through blood vessels.

A specialized connective tissue responsible for transporting oxygen, nutrients, and waste products throughout the body.

The process of maintaining a stable internal environment in the body, like temperature, pH, and fluid levels.

The mechanisms or actions that help maintain homeostasis, like sweating to cool down or shivering to warm up.

One of the functions of blood is to regulate body temperature. Blood can absorb heat from metabolic processes and distribute it throughout the body.

Blood helps to maintain a stable pH balance in the body. This is crucial for the proper functioning of enzymes and other biological processes.

Blood carries waste products from cells, like carbon dioxide and urea, to the kidneys and liver for excretion.

Immunity is the body's defense system against foreign invaders like bacteria and viruses. WBCs are a crucial part of the immune system.

Blood's volume is a measure of its total amount. It's crucial for maintaining blood pressure and circulation.

The concentration of dissolved particles in a fluid. Think of it as the amount of 'stuff' dissolved in the liquid. This is an important aspect of maintaining fluid balance in the body.

The process of stopping bleeding, essential for preventing excessive blood loss and maintaining blood vessel integrity.

The percentage of red blood cells in the blood. Think of it as the ratio of red blood cells to the total blood volume.

The liquid component of blood, containing water, proteins, inorganic ions, and other dissolved substances.

The normal blood pH ranges from 7.35 to 7.45. This is slightly alkaline, crucial for proper function of cells and enzymes. A slightly basic blood pH is crucial for proper function of cells and enzymes.

Hematocrit is the percentage of red blood cells (RBCs) in the blood.

Plasma is the liquid component of blood, comprising about 55% of blood volume.

Plasma is primarily composed of water, but also contains proteins, electrolytes, nutrients, hormones, and waste products.

Red blood cells (RBCs) are biconcave discs that lack a nucleus and other organelles, with a lifespan of around 120 days.

Erythropoiesis, or red blood cell production, primarily takes place in the bone marrow.

Red blood cells are crucial for transporting oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and carbon dioxide from the tissues back to the lungs.

Disorders like anemia, polycythemia, and sickle cell disease are related to abnormalities in red blood cell production, function, or shape.

Red blood cells lack mitochondria and generate ATP through anaerobic respiration.

Mature red blood cells lack a nucleus, which allows more space for hemoglobin.

Each red blood cell can carry approximately 1 billion oxygen molecules. This is due to the presence of hemoglobin, a protein that binds to oxygen.

Hemoglobin, the protein responsible for oxygen transport in red blood cells, consists of 146 amino acids in each of its four subunits.

The production of red blood cells is a complex process that starts with stem cells in the bone marrow. Erythropoietin, a hormone, stimulates this process. Vitamin B12, folic acid, and iron are essential for the synthesis of hemoglobin.

Albumin is a plasma protein that contributes to maintaining osmotic pressure and acts as a carrier for various substances.

Globulins are a type of plasma protein responsible for immune functions and transport of various substances.

Fibrinogen is a plasma protein that plays a crucial role in blood clotting by converting into fibrin.

Hemocytoblasts are the precursor cells in the bone marrow that differentiate into various mature blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.

Red blood cells, also known as erythrocytes, are responsible for carrying oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues.

Carbonic anhydrase is an enzyme found in red blood cells that helps to convert carbon dioxide into bicarbonate, a form suitable for transport in the blood.

Red blood cells lack RNA and ribosomes, which are essential for protein synthesis.