Hemoglobin and Oxygen Transport Functions Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which hormone helps maintain blood calcium levels by increasing osteoblastic activity and decreasing osteoclastic activity?

  • Cortisol
  • Insulin
  • Calcitonin (correct)
  • Thyroid hormone

Where is calcitonin produced in the body?

  • Hypothalamus
  • Anterior pituitary gland
  • Thyroid gland (correct)
  • Parathyroid gland

What is the main function of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

  • Regulating blood glucose levels
  • Increasing blood calcium levels (correct)
  • Producing red blood cells
  • Lowering blood calcium levels

Where are the parathyroid glands located in relation to the thyroid gland?

<p>Behind the thyroid gland (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cells produce calcitonin?

<p>C cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of calcitonin in blood calcium regulation?

<p>Decrease blood calcium levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following hormones is involved in a negative feedback mechanism for blood calcium regulation?

<p>Calcitonin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of osteoclasts in blood calcium regulation?

<p>Decrease blood calcium levels by bone resorption (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of blood is described as the liquid remaining after cells have been removed?

<p>Plasma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of platelets in blood?

<p>Clotting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of erythrocytes (red blood cells) mentioned in the text?

<p>Anucleated condition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are the pleuripotent hemopoetic stem cells (PHSC) primarily located?

<p>Myeloid tissue (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is serum in blood plasma characterized by?

<p>Absence of clotting factors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of blood is responsible for transporting oxygen to body tissues?

<p>Erythrocytes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which all blood cells are formed called?

<p>Hematopoiesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are white blood cells produced in the body?

<p>Bone marrow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of hemoglobin in the body?

<p>Transport of both oxygen and carbon dioxide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many oxygen molecules combine with one hemoglobin molecule?

<p>4 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of hemoglobin?

<p>Quaternary protein (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is bilirubin produced in the body?

<p>Liver (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to older red blood cells after they travel through the liver and spleen?

<p>They are broken down into bilirubin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of hemoglobin has a high affinity for binding to carbon monoxide (CO)?

<p>Iron in the center (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the heme group within hemoglobin?

<p>Carrying oxygen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'How is carbon dioxide carried in the body?' - Which statement below accurately describes this process?

<p>$CO_2$ binds reversibly to hemoglobin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Erythropoetin (EPO)?

<p>Stimulate red blood cell production (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes an increase in production of EPO when an individual moves from sea level to higher altitudes?

<p>Hypoxia due to the lower oxygen levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a higher proportion of reticulocytes in the blood indicate?

<p>Reticulocytosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of Anemia?

<p>Decrease in oxygen carrying capacity of blood (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of hemocytoblasts when stimulated by EPO?

<p>Produce more red blood cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does reticulocytosis indicate?

<p>Rapid red blood cell production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are individual blood types determined by?

<p>Presence or absence of antigens in RBC membrane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of seeing reticulocytes in the bloodstream when moving from sea level to Colorado?

<p><code>Indicates rapid red blood cell production due to hypoxia</code> (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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