Human Nervous System Fundamentals

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What is the primary function of the cerebellum?

Coordination of voluntary movements and maintenance of balance (correct)

Regulation of heart rate and breathing

Transmission of neural signals between the brain and the rest of the body

Secretion of hormones that control the pituitary gland

Which part of the brain connects the brain to the spinal cord?

Cerebellum

Brain Stem (correct)

Cerebrum

Diencephalon

What is the function of the spinal cord?

Transmission of neural signals between the brain and the rest of the body (correct)

Regulation of body temperature and heart rate

Secretion of hormones that control the pituitary gland

Coordination of voluntary movements

Which part of the brain is divided into four lobes?

Cerebrum Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the hypothalamus?

Secretion of hormones that control the pituitary gland Signup and view all the answers

How many segments does the spinal cord consist of?

31 segments Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the somatic nervous system?

Regulates voluntary movement of skeletal muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?

One operates during stress, the other during rest Signup and view all the answers

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there in the human body?

31 pairs Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are the functional units of the nervous system?

Neurons Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the autonomic nervous system?

Regulates the activity of cardiac and smooth muscles, organs, and glands Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the peripheral nervous system?

Transmits nerve impulses to and from the central nervous system Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main layers of protective membranes that wrap the Central Nervous System?

Dura mater, Arachnoid mater, and Pia mater Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Meninges in the Central Nervous System?

To act as a barrier against bacteria and other microorganisms Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Cerebrospinal fluid in the Central Nervous System?

To protect the brain and spinal cord Signup and view all the answers

What is the largest part of the brain?

Cerebrum Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main divisions of the Nervous System?

Central nervous system and Peripheral nervous system Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Brain Stem?

To control involuntary actions such as breathing and heart rate Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of dendrites in a neuron?

To receive impulses from sensory receptors or other neurons Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the myelin sheath in neurons?

To act as an insulating layer for the axon Signup and view all the answers

What type of neuron is responsible for transporting signals from the CNS to effector cells?

Motor neuron Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the rapid, involuntary reaction to a stimulus?

Reflex Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the integration center in the reflex arc?

To integrate sensory input and motor output Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of neuroglial cells in the nervous system?

To support and nourish neurons Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the dendrite in the transmission of nerve impulses?

To receive signals from other neurons through synapse Signup and view all the answers

What type of synapse involves the direct passage of electrical current between neurons?

Electrical synapse Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process by which the nervous system associates sensory input with appropriate responses?

Integration Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the cells that respond to motor nerve impulses?

Effector cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the direction of nerve impulse transmission along a neuron?

Dendrite → cell body → axon Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the junction between two neurons where the axon of one neuron communicates with the dendrites of another neuron?

Synapse Signup and view all the answers