Human Immunology and Blood Groups Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What role do neutrophils primarily play in the immune response?

  • Engulfing and destroying bacteria (correct)
  • Marking pathogens for destruction
  • Killing of antibody-coated parasites
  • Secreting substances to kill worms

    • What condition is associated with an increase in circulating eosinophils?

  • Increased platelet production
  • Allergic conditions like asthma (correct)
  • Autoimmune disorders
  • Chronic infections

    • Which statement accurately describes the function of eosinophils?

  • Primarily circulate in the bloodstream to attack pathogens
  • Engulf bacteria and release neutrophil extracellular traps
  • Attach to larger parasites and secrete substances to kill them (correct)
  • Phagocytize non-microbial substances

    • What do neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) release to help combat infections?

    <p>Bacteria-killing chemicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic defines polymorphonuclear granulocytes?

    <p>Containing granules and having many-shaped nuclei</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of type AB individuals regarding blood transfusions?

    <p>They lack both anti-A and anti-B antibodies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which blood type represents the highest percentage in the United States population?

    <p>Type A1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of anti-A and anti-B antibodies in facilitated transfusions?

    <p>They help determine blood compatibility for transfusions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which blood type is primarily known as a universal donor?

    <p>Type O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which blood type has the lowest percentage in the United States population according to the provided statistics?

    <p>Type AB1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential consequence of mismatched transfusions related to anti-A and anti-B antibodies?

    <p>They may lead to the dissolution of red blood cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of individuals can safely accept blood from all types?

    <p>Type AB recipients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the population does type O1 represent?

    <p>7%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells are erythrocytes derived from?

    <p>Pluripotent stem cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of erythrocytes extruding their nucleus and organelles?

    <p>To accommodate more hemoglobin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes reticulocytes?

    <p>They are immature erythrocytes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers an immune response when entering the body?

    <p>Surface antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of antibodies would be present in a person with type A blood?

    <p>Anti-B antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following blood types has A antigens on the erythrocytes?

    <p>Type A</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the process of erythropoiesis, which cells are committed to becoming mature erythrocytes?

    <p>Nucleated erythroblasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which immune cells recognize antigens and produce antibodies?

    <p>Lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of erythrocytes?

    <p>Carrying oxygen and carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cellular elements is primarily responsible for engulfing bacteria and debris?

    <p>Neutrophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is fibrinogen's role in the blood?

    <p>An inactive precursor for clotting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT synthesized by the liver?

    <p>Erythrocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What substance do basophils release that is important in allergic reactions?

    <p>Histamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of leukocyte primarily attacks parasitic worms?

    <p>Eosinophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the shape and content of red blood cells?

    <p>Biconcave and ideal for oxygen transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes lymphocytes?

    <p>They produce antibodies and regulate immune responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of plasma cells in antibody-mediated immunity?

    <p>They produce antibodies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What triggers the inflammatory response in innate immunity?

    <p>Release of histamine by activated mast cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is NOT involved in the recruitment of phagocytes during inflammation?

    <p>Antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between innate and adaptive immune responses?

    <p>Innate immunity is immediate and nonspecific.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process is NOT part of the inflammatory response?

    <p>T lymphocyte activation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of immunity involves T lymphocytes that directly attack unwanted cells?

    <p>Cell-mediated immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do cytokines play in inflammation?

    <p>They initiate local vasodilation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What occurs shortly after the activation of mast cells during inflammation?

    <p>Histamine is released.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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