Human Body Defense Mechanisms Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is a potential consequence of prolonged stress?

  • Increased nutrient absorption
  • Renal failure (correct)
  • Enhanced tissue regeneration
  • Improved immune response

Which component is part of the first line of defense in the body's defense mechanisms?

  • Phagocytes
  • Antibodies
  • Mucous membranes (correct)
  • B and T cells

What is the primary purpose of inflammation?

  • To promote nutrient absorption
  • To increase blood flow to healthy tissues
  • To initiate tissue regeneration
  • To localize and remove the injurious agent (correct)

Which term describes the increased blood flow to a damaged area during inflammation?

<p>Vasodilation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the pain associated with inflammation?

<p>Increased pressure on nerves (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After which event is posttraumatic stress disorder most likely to develop?

<p>Major disaster or personal threat (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What signifies a local effect of inflammation?

<p>Swelling or edema (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is a characteristic of the adaptive immunity system?

<p>Production of specific antibodies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of necrosis on surrounding cells and tissues?

<p>It causes widespread inflammation and further damage. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of necrosis is characterized by liquefaction due to enzyme action, often seen in bacterial infections?

<p>Liquefaction necrosis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of acute diseases compared to chronic diseases?

<p>Acute diseases develop quickly and typically have severe symptoms. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common effect of stress on the body's physiological responses?

<p>Elevated blood glucose levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a cause of cell injury?

<p>Physical fitness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what condition is caseous necrosis commonly seen?

<p>Tuberculosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of injury is categorized as endogenous?

<p>Nutritional deficits due to diet (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes gangrene?

<p>Necrotic tissue invaded by bacteria, often due to compromised blood supply (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of respiratory acidosis?

<p>Increased carbon dioxide retention (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is associated with respiratory alkalosis?

<p>Dizziness and tingling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs during metabolic acidosis?

<p>Decrease in bicarbonate levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a treatment for respiratory acidosis?

<p>Administer bicarbonate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential severe outcome of untreated metabolic alkalosis?

<p>Tetany or seizures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do fluid and electrolyte imbalances relate to the emotional sphere in the Spheres of Caring Framework?

<p>They can cause discomfort or distress (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is a primary cause of metabolic alkalosis?

<p>Excessive vomiting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does the nurse play in addressing fluid and electrolyte imbalances?

<p>Building trust and effective communication (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of pain is often associated with autonomic symptoms like nausea and increased heart rate?

<p>Visceral Pain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of pain is typically characterized by symptoms of burning or tingling?

<p>Neuropathic Pain (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of nociceptors in the physiology of pain?

<p>Detect and respond to painful stimuli (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fiber conducts pain impulses rapidly and is associated with sharp, localized pain?

<p>Myelinated A-delta fibers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the dermatome in pain perception?

<p>To map the spinal nerves to specific skin areas (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What tract is responsible for transmitting fast impulses related to acute pain?

<p>Neospinothalamic tract (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

After crossing over, which tract carries pain signals to the brain?

<p>Lateral spinothalamic tract (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes chronic pain transmitted by unmyelinated C fibers?

<p>Dull, diffuse, and aching sensation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common sign associated with HIV-AIDS?

<p>Fatigue (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment is commonly used for managing lymphedema?

<p>Diuretics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma?

<p>Presence of Reed-Sternberg cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a sign of systemic spread in Non-Hodgkin lymphoma?

<p>Localized spread from node to node (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common treatment approach for Hodgkin lymphoma?

<p>Chemotherapy and radiation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is NOT typically associated with lupus?

<p>Kaposi sarcoma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the usual course of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma typically differ from that of Hodgkin lymphoma?

<p>Widespread and less predictable course (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect is crucial for holistic nursing care of patients with infections or immune disorders?

<p>Addressing emotional and social factors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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