Human Biology Quiz

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Which vital function is primarily responsible for maintaining a stable internal environment in the body?

Blood Circulation

Homeostasis (correct)

Brain Function

Respiration

What is the primary function of the mitochondria in the human body?

Produce ATP (correct)

Absorb nutrients

Store fat

Secrete hormones

How many kilocalories are typically required per day for an average human female?

2500 Kcal

2200 Kcal

2000 Kcal (correct)

1800 Kcal

In which part of the digestive system are proteins primarily broken down with the help of pepsin?

Stomach Signup and view all the answers

Which macronutrient provides the highest caloric value per gram?

Lipids Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes amylose from glycogen?

Glycogen has a higher number of glucose residues than amylose. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about cellulose is true?

Cellulose has β-1,4 linkages between its glucose units. Signup and view all the answers

What role does dietary fiber play in the human body?

It promotes fermentation in the colon, leading to anti-inflammatory substances. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly identifies essential amino acids?

The body cannot produce essential amino acids and must obtain them from the diet. Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes complex lipids?

They contain glycerol and fatty acids which can undergo polymerization. Signup and view all the answers

What type of carbohydrate is cellulose classified as?

A polymer of glucose with β linkages Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about lipids is true?

Complex lipids are linked to glycerol or other components. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of fiber in relation to carbohydrates and lipids?

Inhibits the absorption of carbohydrates and lipids. Signup and view all the answers

Which group differentiates between amino acids in terms of diet needs?

Essential vs. Non-Essential Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes saturated fatty acids from unsaturated fatty acids?

Unsaturated fatty acids possess double bonds. Signup and view all the answers

What are monosaccharides primarily characterized by?

Their single sugar unit and inability to hydrolyze Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best describes the process of glycogen synthesis?

It is stimulated by high blood glucose levels. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary relationship described by energy balance in human physiology?

Energy intake must equal energy expenditure for weight maintenance. Signup and view all the answers

Which of these components is NOT typically included in the nutritional composition of human tissues?

Vitamins Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the components of living organisms?

Organic molecules make up a significant percentage of body weight. Signup and view all the answers

Which nucleotides are classified as purines?

Adenine and Guanine Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of buffer systems in the body?

They help maintain a stable pH by neutralizing acids and bases. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of pH balance in bodily functions?

It affects enzyme activity and chemical reactions. Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT typically a part of adipose tissue composition?

DNA Signup and view all the answers

How does the body regulate pH levels?

Through respiratory rate adjustments and buffer systems. Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond is formed during peptide bond formation?

Nitrogen-carbon bond Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is characterized by the sequence of amino acids linked by peptide bonds?

Primary structure Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bonds contribute to the tertiary structure of a protein?

Hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bridges Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes quaternary structure in proteins?

It is formed by multiple polypeptide chains assembling together. Signup and view all the answers

Which biological role is NOT associated with proteins?

Storage of genetic information Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of pepsin in the stomach?

Converts pepsinogen into an active enzyme Signup and view all the answers