Human Anatomy Muscles Quiz
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Questions and Answers

The primary muscle responsible for abduction of the arm is the ______.

supraspinatus

The middle fibers of the ______ assist in the abduction of the arm.

deltoid

Adduction of the arm is performed by the pectoralis major, lats, and ______.

teres major

For internal rotation of the arm, the ______ is a key muscle involved.

<p>subscapularis</p> Signup and view all the answers

The scapula is rotated by the trapezius and the ______.

<p>serratus anterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

The action of the Pronator Teres muscle is ______ of the forearm.

<p>pronation</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Flexor Carpi Ulnaris originates from the ______ epicondyle of the humerus.

<p>medial</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Biceps Brachii muscle flexes the arm at the ______ and shoulder.

<p>elbow</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Extensor Digitorium muscle extends the ______ and digits.

<p>wrist</p> Signup and view all the answers

The primary action of the Triceps Brachii is ______ of the arm at the elbow.

<p>extension</p> Signup and view all the answers

The origin of the Supraspinatus muscle is the Supraspinous fossa of the ______.

<p>scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis flexes the metacarpophalangeal joint of the ______ finger.

<p>little</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Gluteus Maximus is responsible for ______ and lateral rotation of the hip.

<p>extension</p> Signup and view all the answers

The action of the Tensor Fasciae Latae includes flexion, abduction, and ______ rotation of the hip.

<p>medial</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Adductor Magnus is involved in the ______ and flexion of the hip joint.

<p>adduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

The action of the Extensor Pollicis Longus is to extend the ______.

<p>thumb</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Abductor Pollicis Longus assists in the ______ of the thumb.

<p>abduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Rhomboid Major muscle retracts and rotates the ______.

<p>scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

The origin of the Flexor Pollicis Longus is the ______ of the radius.

<p>radius</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Lumbricals assist with flexion at the MCP joint and ______ at the IP joints.

<p>extension</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ joint allows for flexion and extension of the elbow.

<p>hinge</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the knee joint, the ______ stabilizes the joint along with the menisci.

<p>ACL</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ is responsible for the lateral rotation of the hip joint.

<p>piriformis</p> Signup and view all the answers

The proximal radioulnar joint is a type of ______ joint.

<p>pivot</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the wrist joint, flexion is assisted by the ______ and flexor carpi radialis.

<p>flexor carpi ulnaris</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ joint allows for opposition of the thumb.

<p>carpometacarpal</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ankle joint is classified as a ______ joint, allowing for dorsiflexion and plantarflexion.

<p>hinge</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ joint between vertebrae provides cushioning and stability.

<p>intervertebral disc</p> Signup and view all the answers

During supination of the forearm, the ______ muscle assists in the motion.

<p>supinator</p> Signup and view all the answers

Gluteal muscles are primarily responsible for ______ of the hip joint.

<p>extension</p> Signup and view all the answers

The medial collateral ligament is vital for providing stability to the ______ joint.

<p>knee</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hip flexion is mainly controlled by the ______.

<p>iliopsoas</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ joint allows for circumduction of the shoulder.

<p>ball and socket</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the distal radioulnar joint, ______ facilitates pronation and supination.

<p>pivot</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flexion in the digits is primarily achieved by the ______ and flexor digitorum profundas.

<p>flexor digitorum superficialis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Muscles of the Forearm

  • Pronator Teres: Responsible for pronation of the forearm and flexion of the elbow, innervated by the median nerve.
  • Flexor Carpi Ulnaris: Flexes and adducts the wrist, innervated by the median nerve.
  • Palmaris Longus: Flexes the wrist joint, innervated by the median nerve.
  • Flexor Carpi Radialis: Flexes and abducts the hand at the wrist joint, innervated by the ulnar nerve.
  • Flexor Digitorium Superficialis: Flexes the digits at the proximal interphalangeal joints, innervated by the median nerve.
  • Flexor Digitorium Profundus: Flexes the distal phalanges of the digits at the distal interphalangeal joints, innervated by both the median and ulnar nerves.
  • Flexor Pollicis Longus: Flexes the thumb at the interphalangeal joint, innervated by the median nerve.
  • Pronator Quadratus: Pronates the forearm, innervated by the median nerve.
  • Brachioradialis: Flexes the elbow, innervated by the radial nerve.
  • Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus: Extends and abducts the hand at the wrist joint, innervated by the radial nerve.
  • Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis: Extends and abducts the hand at the wrist joint, innervated by the radial nerve.
  • Extensor Digitorium: Extends the wrist and digits, innervated by the radial nerve.
  • Extensor Digiti Minimi: Extends the pinky finger, innervated by the radial nerve.
  • Extensor Carpi Ulnaris: Extends and adducts the hand at the wrist joint, innervated by the radial nerve.
  • Anconeus: Abducts the ulna during pronation of the forearm, innervated by the radial nerve.
  • Supinator: Supinates the forearm, innervated by the radial nerve.
  • Abductor Pollicis Longus: Abducts the thumb, innervated by the radial nerve.
  • Extensor Pollicis Longus & Brevis: Extend the thumb, innervated by the radial nerve.
  • Extensor Indicis: Extends the index finger at the interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints, innervated by the radial nerve.

Muscles of the Upper Arm, Chest, and Shoulder

  • Biceps Brachii: Responsible for supination of the forearm and flexing the arm at both the elbow and shoulder, innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve.
  • Coracobrachialis: Flexes the arm at the shoulder, innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve.
  • Brachialis: Responsible for flexion at the elbow, innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve with contribution from the radial nerve.
  • Triceps Brachii: Extends the arm at the elbow, innervated by the radial nerve.
  • Trapezius: Elevates, rotates, and retracts the scapula, innervated by the accessory nerve.
  • Lattissimus Dorsi: Extends, adducts, and medially rotates the upper limb, innervated by the thoracodorsal nerve.
  • Levator Scapulae: Elevates the scapula, innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve.
  • Rhomboid Major: Retracts and rotates the scapula, innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve.
  • Rhomboid Minor: Retracts and rotates the scapula, innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve.
  • Deltoid: Antagonizes the motion of the rotator cuff, involved in flexion, medial rotation, extension, lateral rotation, and abduction of the upper limb, innervated by the axillary nerve.
  • Teres Major: Adducts and extends the arm, involved in medial rotation of the arm at the shoulder, innervated by the lower subscapular nerve.
  • Supraspinatus: Abducts the upper limb at the shoulder, innervated by the suprascapular nerve.
  • Infraspinatus: Laterally rotates the arm, innervated by the suprascapular nerve.
  • Subscapularis: Medially rotates the arm, innervated by the upper and lower subscapular nerve.
  • Teres Minor: Laterally rotates the arm, innervated by the axillary nerve.
  • Pectoralis Major: Adducts and medially rotates the upper limb, draws the scapula anteroinferiorly, innervated by the lateral and medial pectoral nerves.
  • Pectoralis Minor: Stabilizes the scapula, innervated by the medial pectoral nerve.
  • Serratus Anterior: Rotates and protracts the scapula, innervated by the long thoracic nerve.
  • Subclavius: Anchors and depresses the clavicle, innervated by the subclavian nerve.

Muscles of the Hand

  • Opponens Pollicis: Opposes the thumb, medially rotating and flexing the metacarpal on the trapezium.
  • Abductor Pollicis Brevis: Abducts the thumb.
  • Flexor Pollicis Brevis: Flexes the metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb.
  • Opponens Digiti Minimi: Rotates the metacarpal of the pinky finger.
  • Abductor Digiti Minimi: Abducts the little finger.
  • Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis: Flexes the metacarpophalangeal joint of the little finger.
  • Lumbricals: Assist in digit flexion and extension.
  • Dorsal Interossei: Abduct digits and assists with flexion at the MCP joint and extension at the IP joints.
  • Palmar Interossei: Adduct digits and assist with flexion at the MCP joint and extension at the IP joints.
  • Palmaris Brevis: Wrinkles the skin of the hypothenar eminence, improves grip.
  • Adductor Pollicis: Adducts the thumb.

Muscles of the Hip

  • Gluteus Medius: Abducts and medially rotates the hip joint, innervated by the superior gluteal nerve.
  • Gluteus Minimus: Abducts and medially rotates the hip, innervated by the superior gluteal nerve.
  • Tensor Fasciae Latae: Flexes, abducts, and medially rotates the hip, innervated by the superior gluteal nerve.
  • Gluteus Maximus: Extends and laterally rotates the hip, innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve.
  • Biceps Femoris (Long Head): Flexes the knee and extends the hip, innervated by the tibial nerve.
  • Biceps Femoris (Short Head): Flexes the knee, innervated by the common fibular nerve.
  • Semitendinosus: Flexes the knee and extends the hip, innervated by the tibial nerve.
  • Semimembranosus: Flexes the knee and extends the hip, innervated by the tibial nerve.
  • Adductor Magnus, Hammies & Adductor Parts: Responsible for adduction and flexion of the hip joint. The adductor magnus is innervated by the tibial nerve, the other adductor muscles are innervated by the obturator nerve.
  • Sartorius: Flexes and abducts the hip, laterally rotates the hip, flexes the knee, innervated by the femoral nerve.
  • Rectus Femoris: Extends the knee and flexes the hip, innervated by the femoral nerve.
  • Iliacus: Flexes the hip, innervated by the femoral nerve.
  • Psoas Major: Flexes the hip, innervated by the anterior rami of the lumbar nerves.
  • Iliopsoas Tendon: Flexes the hip, innervated by the femoral nerve and the anterior rami of the lumbar nerves.
  • Gracilis: Adducts the hip and flexes the knee, innervated by the obturator nerve.
  • Adductor Longus: Adducts and flexes the hip, innervated by the obturator nerve.
  • Adductor Brevis: Adducts and flexes the hip, innervated by the obturator nerve.
  • Pectineous: Adducts and flexes the hip, innervated by the femoral nerve.

Muscles of the Knee & Ankle

  • Popliteus: Flexes the knee, medially rotates the tibia, innervated by the tibial nerve.
  • Vastus Medialis: Extends the knee, innervated by the femoral nerve.
  • Vastus Intermedius: Extends the knee, innervated by the femoral nerve.
  • Vastus Lateralis: Extends the knee, innervated by the femoral nerve.
  • Gastrocnemius: Plantar flexes the ankle and flexes the knee, innervated by the tibial nerve.
  • Soleus: Plantarflexes the ankle, innervated by the tibial nerve.
  • Plantaris: Weakly plantar flexes the ankle and assists in flexion of the knee, innervated by the tibial nerve.
  • Tibialis Posterior: Plantar flexes and inverts the ankle, innervated by the tibial nerve.
  • Flexor Digitorum Longus: Flexes the toes and plantar flexes the ankle, innervated by the tibial nerve.
  • Flexor Hallucis Longus: Flexes the big toe and plantar flexes the ankle, innervated by the tibial nerve.
  • Tibialis Anterior: Dorsiflexes and inverts the ankle, innervated by the deep fibular nerve.
  • Peronus Tertius: Dorsiflexes and everts the ankle, innervated by the deep fibular nerve.
  • Extensor Digitorum Longus: Dorsiflexes and extends the toes.
  • Extensor Hallucis Longus: Dorsiflexes and extends the big toe.
  • Peroneus Longus: Everts and plantarflexes the ankle, innervated by the superficial fibular nerve.
  • Peroneus Brevis: Everts and plantar flexes the ankle, innervated by the superficial fibular nerve.

Muscles of Mastication & Facial Muscles

  • Masseter: Elevates and retracts the mandible, innervated by the trigeminal nerve (CN V3).
  • Temporalis: Elevates and retracts the mandible, innervated by the trigeminal nerve (CN V3).
  • Lateral Pterygoid: Protracts and depresses the mandible, innervated by the trigeminal nerve (CN V3).
  • Medial Pterygoid: Elevates and protracts the mandible, innervated by the trigeminal nerve (CN V3).
  • Frontalis: Raises eyebrows and wrinkles forehead, innervated by the facial nerve (CN VII).
  • Orbicularis Oculi: Closes eyelids, innervated by the facial nerve (CN VII).
  • Zygomaticus Major: Elevates the corners of the mouth.
  • Zygomaticus Minor: Elevates the upper lip.
  • Depressor Anguli Oris: Depresses the corners of the mouth.
  • Levator Labii Superioris: Elevates the upper lip.
  • Orbicularis Oris: Closes and protrudes the lips.

Muscles of the Back and Abdomen

  • Erector Spinae: Extends and laterally flexes the spine, innervated by the dorsal rami of the spinal nerves.
    • Spinalis: Extends and laterally flexes the spine.
    • Longissimus: Extends and laterally flexes the spine.
    • Iliocostalis: Extends and laterally flexes the spine.
  • Transversospinalis: Extends and rotates the spine, innervated by the dorsal rami of the spinal nerves.
    • Semispinalis: Extends and rotates the spine.
    • Multifidus: Stabilizes the spine, extends and rotates the spine.
    • Rotatores: Stabilizes the spine, extends and rotates the spine.
  • Rectus Abdominis: Flexes the trunk and compresses abdominal contents, innervated by the lower thoracic nerves (T7-T11).
  • External Oblique: Flexes and rotates the trunk, compresses abdominal contents, innervated by the lower thoracic nerves and subcostal nerves.
  • Internal Oblique: Flexes and rotates the trunk, compresses abdominal contents, innervated by the lower thoracic nerves.
  • Transverse Abdominis: Compresses abdominal contents, innervated by the lower thoracic nerves.

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