Human Anatomy Chapter - Urinary System

<p>Propelling urine to the bladder (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Creatine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Symphysis Pubis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>S2-S4 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Membranous (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Impermeable to proteins, permeable to glucose. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Reabsorption and Secretion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Thick Ascending Limb of the Loop of Henle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Early Distal Convoluted Tubule (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Water reabsorption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Intercalated Cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To control pH balance. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Filtering liquid waste, balancing electrolytes, and regulating acidity in the bloodstream. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aorta, Renal Artery, Segmental Artery, Interlobar Artery (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>T12-L3, with the right kidney slightly lower. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nephron (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Minor calyx (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Renal Capsule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1.2 - 1.3 L/min (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pain at the costovertebral angle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Urine volume of 300 ml (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2-3 years old (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stress incontinence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Detrusor muscle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flaccid or atonic bladder condition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>125 ml/min (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Albumin concentration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>40 mmHg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Myogenic Mechanism (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inulin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dilation of afferent arteriole (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increases blood volume (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Release of adenosine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Supplies oxygenated blood to the kidneys.

Carries deoxygenated blood away from the kidneys.

The outer layer of the kidney responsible for filtering blood.

Inner region of the kidney that manages waste filtration and fluid balance.

Collects urine from the major calyces before it passes to the ureter.

The rate at which blood is filtered in the kidneys, typically 125 mL/min.

The functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering blood.

The protective layer surrounding the kidney.

Managing the concentration of solutes in bodily fluids; normal is 290 mOsmoles/L.

Formation of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, particularly during prolonged fasting.

Involuntary reflex that helps control urination; involves the S2-S4 spinal segments.

Muscle contraction triggers urination; sphincter relaxes during this process.

Includes functional, urge, stress, and overflow incontinence, each with different causes.

A structure in the nephron that encases tuft capillaries for filtration.

Blood vessel supplying blood to the glomerulus in the nephron.

Part of the renal tubule where reabsorption of water and nutrients occurs.

Section of nephron responsible for concentrating urine by reabsorbing water and solutes.

Part of the loop of Henle impermeable to water but allows NaCl reabsorption.

Segment of nephron after the loop of Henle, regulating ions and reabsorption.

Cells in the collecting duct involved in Na reabsorption and regulated by ADH.

The process of transferring H+ ions to maintain pH balance in urine.

The tube that carries urine from the bladder to the external environment.

Smooth muscle of the bladder wall that contracts to expel urine.

The involuntary response that allows urination when the bladder fills.

The formation of stones in the urinary tract.

Tube in the nephron where water reabsorption occurs and urine is concentrated.

Processes including filtration, electrolyte balance, and blood pressure regulation.

Urine consists of 95% water and 5% waste products.

The pressure that drives filtration in the kidneys, defined as Net Hydrostatic Pressure minus Net Oncotic Pressure.

The force exerted by fluid against the capillary wall, critical for glomerular filtration.

The pressure exerted by proteins in the blood plasma, mainly albumin, that influences fluid movement.

Substances used to measure glomerular filtration rate, ideal is inulin; creatinine is the second best.

A homeostatic response that maintains renal blood flow and GFR via blood vessel contraction or dilation.

Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, a hormone system regulating blood pressure and fluid balance.

A powerful vasoconstrictor produced in the RAAS that increases blood volume and blood pressure.

A group of cells that sense NaCl concentration and help regulate GFR through vasodilation or constriction.