Human Anatomy Chapter on Liver and Vascular System

<p>The hepatic vein carries blood from the liver to the superior vena cava. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Connects the liver to the anterior abdominal wall (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spleen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hepatic veins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Production of hormones (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The liver's anatomical lobes correspond to the surgical segments. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Visceral peritoneum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Within the sacral spinal cord (S2-S4) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Via periarterial plexuses following branches of the abdominal aorta (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>CN XI (Accessory) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stomach (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>T12 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Within ganglia located near or within the wall of target organs (intrinsic/enteric ganglia) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Descending colon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are always located near or within the wall of the target organ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anterior and posterior vagal trunks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sympathetic system inhibits digestion, while the parasympathetic system stimulates digestion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Renal pelvis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Haustra (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hepatopancreatic ampulla (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Longer vasa recta (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mesentery proper (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Splenic Artery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Superior Mesenteric Artery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Appendix (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sympathetic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Filter blood and create urine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Renal fascia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Minor calyx → Major calyx → Renal pelvis → Ureter (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Marginal artery of Drummond (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is composed of pre- and postsynaptic neurons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abdominopelvic splanchnics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cardiac plexus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spleen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Falciform Ligament (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The parietal peritoneum and the visceral peritoneum. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Abdominal and pelvic cavities. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Spleen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It has an opening that allows the passage of oocytes from the ovaries to the fallopian tube. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Supraclavicular (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Greater splanchnic nerve (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prevertebral ganglia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Midgut structures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aorticorenal ganglion (B), Greater splanchnic nerve (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Along branches of the abdominal aorta, forming periarterial plexuses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Its role is not clearly defined in the content provided (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Presynaptic sympathetic neurons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Carrying presynaptic sympathetic fibers to the prevertebral ganglia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Splenic artery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pyloric sphincter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Obstruction of the hepatic portal vein. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Duodenum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Descending portion of the duodenum, adjacent to the head of the pancreas. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lesser omentum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The jejunum is shorter than the ileum and located inferior to the ileum. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a double-layered peritoneal fold that connects the stomach to the transverse colon and functions as a protective barrier. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Body (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The space bounded by the abdominal walls, diaphragm, and pelvis, containing digestive organs, spleen, kidneys, and ureters.

The abdominal area divided into four sections: Right Upper, Left Upper, Right Lower, and Left Lower quadrants.

Contains the liver, gallbladder, pylorus, duodenum, hepatic flexure of colon, and head of pancreas.

Contains the descending colon, sigmoid colon, and left ovary.

A membrane lining the abdominal cavity and covering the abdominal organs, consisting of parietal and visceral layers.

The layer of the peritoneum that envelops the organs.

A double layer of peritoneum that attaches organs to the posterior abdominal wall, providing pathways for vessels and nerves.

The potential space between the parietal and visceral peritoneum, containing a small amount of fluid; closed in males, open in females.

Organs that are partially outside the peritoneal cavity, covered by parietal peritoneum.

Organs completely encased in visceral peritoneum and connected to the abdominal wall by mesentery.

'SAD PUCKER' aids in remembering retroperitoneal organs.

The liver detoxifies, stores glycogen, produces hormones, synthesizes proteins, and produces bile.

Carries 75%-80% of blood to the liver, formed from superior mesenteric and splenic veins.

Part of the liver in direct contact with the diaphragm, not covered by visceral peritoneum.

Include anterior & posterior coronary, triangular, falciform, and round ligaments that connect the liver to other structures.

Transports blood from GI viscera to the liver for filtration via the hepatic portal vein.

Drains blood from posterior abdominal structures to the right atrium, bypassing the liver.

Anatomically divided into four lobes: right, left, quadrate, and caudate.

Neurons located in the CNS that send signals to autonomic ganglia.

Neurons located in autonomic ganglia that receive signals from presynaptic neurons.

Clusters of nerve cell bodies in the sympathetic nervous system.

Ganglia located in plexuses around major aortic branches.

A major prevertebral ganglion that innervates the foregut.

Nerves that carry presynaptic sympathetic fibers to prevertebral ganglia.

Nerves originating from T5-T11 that carry signals to abdominal ganglia.

Network of nerves surrounding renal arteries, innervated by splanchnic nerves.

Sympathetic fibers originate at T12, synapsing in aorticorenal ganglia to contribute to the renal plexus.

Nerves from L1-L2/L3 that synapse in the inferior mesenteric ganglion, supplying hindgut structures.

Part of the autonomic nervous system that originates from brainstem cranial nuclei and sacral spinal cord (S2-S4).

Parasympathetic innervation to the head, thorax, and abdominal viscera via cranial nerves.

Supplies distal GI tract and pelvic viscera via pelvic splanchnic nerves.

Ciliary, pterygopalatine, submandibular, and otic are critical parasympathetic ganglia in the head.

Carries parasympathetic fibers for innervation of the foregut and midgut from esophagus to left colic flexure.

Parasympathetic nerves that innervate the distal GI tract and pelvic viscera from S2-S4.

Ganglia located near or within the walls of target organs where presynaptic fibers synapse with postsynaptic cells.

Location where sympathetic fibers synapse before reaching renal plexus.

Connections between hepatic portal and caval veins providing alternative blood flow.

Varicose veins around the umbilicus due to portal hypertension.

Duct formed by the cystic and hepatic ducts, transporting bile to the duodenum.

Contains the hepatic portal vein, hepatic artery, and common bile duct.

Stores food and prepares it for digestion through mechanical and chemical processes.

Folds in the stomach lining that expand when the stomach is distended.

A double-layered sheet of peritoneum hanging from the greater curvature of the stomach.

Main site for nutrient absorption, consisting of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.

First and shortest portion of the small intestine, where major digestion occurs.

Jejunum absorbs nutrients mainly in the upper abdomen; ileum absorbs in the lower abdomen.

The final part of the small intestine, connects to the cecum.

Folds of the intestinal lining that increase surface area for absorption.

An accessory digestive gland that produces enzymes and hormones.

Pouch-like features in the large intestine caused by muscle contractions.

Three longitudinal muscle bands found in the large intestine.

Organs that filter blood, removing waste and excess substances.

Protective layer surrounding each kidney.

Part of the gut tube including esophagus, stomach, and upper duodenum.

Supplies blood to the midgut, including the jejunum and ileum.

Part of the autonomic system that promotes digestion and peristalsis.

Nerves carrying autonomic signals to/from the abdominal organs.

An anastomotic connection between superior and inferior mesenteric arteries.