Anatomy of Liver Circulation and Drainage

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary arterial supply to the liver?

Renal Arteries

Celiac Trunk (correct)

Superior Mesenteric Artery

Inferior Mesenteric Artery

What percentage of blood flow to the liver comes from the portal vein?

70% (correct)

20%

50%

90%

Where does the venous drainage of the liver ultimately flow?

Inferior Vena Cava (correct)

Hepatic Portal Vein

Portal Vein

Superior Vena Cava

What is the primary role of the hepatic portal vein?

Carry oxygenated blood to the liver (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the hepatic veins is true?

They drain into the superior vena cava. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the primary lymph node that drains the celiac trunk?

Celiac Node (A) Signup and view all the answers

What vessel supplies blood to the gallbladder?

Cystic artery. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which vessel(s) are NOT part of the blood supply to the liver?

Inferior Vena Cava (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the vein that drains the right gastroepiploic vein?

Superior mesenteric vein (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the hepatic portal venous system?

Hepatic Vein (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following veins drain directly into the portal vein?

Left gastric vein (C), Right gastric vein (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct pathway for blood flow through the liver?

Hepatic Artery -> Portal Vein -> Hepatic Vein -> Inferior Vena Cava (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary lymphatic drainage pathway for the liver?

Celiac Lymph Nodes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the structure where the pancreatic duct and the common bile duct join?

Hepato-pancreatic ampulla of Vater. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the portal vein?

To carry blood from the digestive system to the liver. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following vessels does NOT drain into the inferior vena cava?

Portal vein. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the group of lymph nodes that the lymph from the stomach will first drain to?

Celiac lymph nodes (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures receives bile from the liver?

Common bile duct. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the vessel that the short gastric veins and the left gastroepiploic veins drain into?

Splenic vein (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the main artery that supplies blood to the stomach, liver, spleen, and pancreas?

Celiac trunk (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is NOT a part of the portal system?

Hepatic artery (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the lymphatic drainage of the stomach is TRUE?

Lymph from the stomach drains into the celiac lymph nodes (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following veins DOES NOT drain into the portal vein?

Inferior mesenteric vein (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a potential source of trauma that can affect the stomach?

Fractures of the upper ribs (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is TRUE about the veins that drain the stomach?

All veins draining the stomach empty into the portal system (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major vein that carries blood from the spleen to the liver?

Splenic vein (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential consequence of trauma to the stomach?

Severe hemorrhage (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a major branch of the aorta that supplies blood to the stomach?

Celiac trunk (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the veins that drain the stomach is FALSE?

The right gastric vein drains into the inferior vena cava (B) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Anatomy of the Stomach, Liver, and Gallbladder

The stomach, liver, and gallbladder are part of the digestive system.
The stomach begins at the abdominal esophagus and ends proximal to the major duodenal papilla.
The stomach is a muscular organ that receives food from the esophagus.
It is located in the upper-left portion of the abdomen.
The stomach has four main anatomical regions: cardia, fundus, body, and pyloric region.
The stomach has two curvatures: lesser and greater.

Stomach

Parts: Cardia, Fundus, Body, Pyloric region, Antrum, Canal, Sphincter
Curvatures: Lesser curvature, Greater curvature
Musculature: Outer longitudinal, Middle circular, Innermost oblique layers.
Pyloric sphincter: A thickened ring of circular muscle that controls the release of food from the stomach to the small intestine.
Arterial supply: Celiac trunk, Left gastric, Splenic, Short gastrics, L. gastro-omental, Common hepatic, Proper hepatic, Right gastric, Gastroduodenal, R. gastro-omental.
Venous drainage: Short gastric, L gastro-omental, Splenic, Right gastric, R gastro-omental, Hepatic portal vein.
Clinical correlations: Esophageal constrictions, including upper esophageal sphincter, arch of the aorta, left main bronchus, and diaphragmatic hiatus.
Hiatal hernias: Sliding and paraesophageal forms.
Blood Supply: Left and right gastric; short gastric; left gastro-epiploic and right gastro-epiploic arteries. Veins all drain into the portal system
Imaging: X-rays for visualizing the different parts

Liver

Location: Right hypochondrium and epigastric and (left hypochondrial) regions, enclosed in the rib cage.
Surface Anatomy: Two: diaphramatic (anterior, superior, posterior) + visceral (inferior, covered with visceral peritoneum except the fossa for gallbladder and porta hepatis).
Lobes: Anatomically, has 4 lobes: right, left, caudate, and quadrate.
Functionally, consists of two portal lobes: a right lobe and a left lobe, which are subdivisions of the anatomic lobes. Divded into 8 segments.
Blood Supply: Hepatic arteries, Portal vein.
Lymphatic drainage: Commonly the celiac nodes
Ligaments: Falciform, Round Ligament, Bare area of liver, Coronary ligaments, Triangular ligaments, Umbilical ligaments.
Imaging: CT and X-rays used to visualize the liver.
Surgical Anatomy: Porta hepatis (structures enter and leave the liver). Structures that enter/leave: Hepatic arteries, Portal vein. Structures that exit: Hepatic bile ducts (3).

Gallbladder

Pear-shaped organ located in a fossa on the inferior surface of the liver.
Parts: Fundus, Body, Neck.
Function: Stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver.
Biliary Apparatus: Pathway for bile in your body, including the cystic duct, hepatic ducts, and common bile duct.

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Description

This quiz covers essential topics related to the anatomy of liver circulation, including arterial supply, venous drainage, and lymphatic pathways. Test your knowledge on the hepatic portal vein, its functions, and the blood flow through the liver. Perfect for students studying anatomy or physiology.