29 Questions
What is the deepest layer of the abdominal wall?
Transversalis Fascia
Through which structure do the spermatic cord and the round ligament of the uterus pass in the lower quadrant of the anterior abdominal wall?
Inguinal Canals
Which muscles make up the posterior abdominal wall?
Psoas, Quadratus Lumborum, Transversus Abdominis
Which arteries supply the anterior abdominal wall?
Internal Thoracic and Inferior Epigastric
Which of the following is NOT considered a gastrointestinal (GI) organ?
Spleen
What is the approximate length of the esophagus?
~9.5 inches
What is the approximate incidence of Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis (IHPS) per 1000 live births?
4
Where does most nutrient absorption occur in the small intestines?
Jejunum
What is the first part of the large intestine that follows the ileum?
Cecum
Where is the Ligament of Treitz located in relation to the small intestines?
Duodenojejuno junction
What causes a functional gastric outlet obstruction in Infantile Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis?
Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of pylorus muscles
Where is the liver located?
Just inferior to the diaphragm in the right upper quadrant (RUQ)
What structures are found in the porta hepatis of the liver?
Hepatic artery, portal vein, and hepatic bile ducts
What does the gallbladder store and concentrate?
Bile produced in the liver
What connects the left branch of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava (IVC)?
Ligamentum venosum
What is the main function of the pancreas in digestion?
Breakdown of fats
Which organ is responsible for breaking down platelets and old red blood cells?
Spleen
Where are the kidneys located in the abdomen?
Left superior abdomen (LUQ)
Which blood vessel carries blood away from the kidneys?
Renal vein
What does the term 'retroperitoneal' refer to?
Organs located posteriorly to the peritoneum
Which artery arises from the Abdominal Aorta and supplies the stomach, pancreas, and parts of the duodenum?
Celiac trunk
What is the function of the greater omentum in the abdominal cavity?
Acting as a drape to wall off infection
What structures are considered 'intraperitoneal'?
Structures within the peritoneal cavity
Which arteries arise from the inferior end of the descending aorta and supply the remaining part of the transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and rectum?
Inferior Mesenteric Artery
What can result from obstruction in the Portal System, such as cirrhosis of the liver?
Hepatic Hypertension
Where do most gastrointestinal organs empty their venous blood into?
Hepatic Portal Vein
Which arteries are situated posterior to the renal veins and arise from about the same level as the Superior Mesenteric Artery?
Renal Arteries
What is one consequence of obstruction in the Portal System that causes blood to flow in reverse direction into the caval system?
Esophageal Varices
Which blood vessel empties into the Inferior Vena Cava after forming the hepatic vein?
Hepatic Portal Vein
Test your knowledge of the liver anatomy in relation to a barium enema procedure. Learn about the location of the liver, its blood supply through the hepatic portal system, and important structures at the porta hepatis.
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