23 Questions
What is the treatment of choice for patients with CNS involvement of paracoccidioidomycosis?
Co-trimoxazole
What is the most likely habitat of Paracoccidioides spp. based on the text?
Soil near water
What is the etiologic agent of Paracoccidioidomycosis?
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and P. lutzii
What is the most common clinical form of paracoccidioidomycosis in children and adolescents?
Acute form of juvenile type
What is the confirmatory test for diagnosing Paracoccidioidomycosis?
Culture of clinical specimens
What is the most common symptom of pulmonary involvement in chronic paracoccidioidomycosis?
Cough
Which risk factors are associated with progressive clinical forms of paracoccidioidomycosis?
Genetics, smoking, and alcoholism
Where is P. lutzii endemic?
Goiás, Mato Grosso, and Rondônia
Which drug has been successfully used in cases with brain lesions of paracoccidioidomycosis?
Fluconazole
What is the method used to detect antibodies in patients with progressive forms of Paracoccidioidomycosis?
Immunodiffusion in agar gel
What is the most common location of skin lesions in paracoccidioidomycosis patients?
Face and neck
What is the predominant defense mechanism against paracoccidioidomycosis?
Cell-mediated immunity with a Th 1 cytokine response
What is the differential diagnosis of chronic disseminated disease that can be confused with Paracoccidioidomycosis?
Sarcoidosis
What is the daily dose of intravenous amphotericin B for paracoccidioidomycosis treatment?
0.7 to 0.8/kg
What are the three clades of P. brasiliensis?
S1, PS2, and PS3
Which drug has been successfully used in a double-blind comparative study with itraconazole?
Voriconazole
What is the mortality rate of treated cases of AIDS-related paracoccidioidomycosis?
30%
Which animals have been observed to be infected with paracoccidioidomycosis?
Armadillos, squirrel monkeys, dogs, horses, cattle, and wild rodents
What is the dosage of co-trimoxazole for patients with paracoccidioidomycosis in Brazil?
160 mg of trimethoprim and 800 mg of sulfamethoxazole, every 12 hours
What is the morphology of Paracoccidioides spp. in infected tissue and culture at 37°C?
Spherical cells of 10 to 40 µm in diameter with a thick bi-refringent cell wall and several peripheral buds
What is the incidence of neoplasms among paracoccidioidomycosis patients?
Slightly more common than average
What is the most common cause of death in paracoccidioidomycosis patients?
Respiratory impairments
What is the incidence of co-infection with tuberculosis among paracoccidioidomycosis patients?
10% to 12%
Study Notes
Test your knowledge on Paracoccidioidomycosis, a fungal infection prevalent in South and Central America caused by two species of the genus Paracoccidioides. Learn about its history, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options through this informative quiz. Challenge yourself with questions on this endemic mycosis and enhance your understanding of its impact on public health.
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