Hormone-Producing Cells in the Gastrointestinal Tract
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of treatment for Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

  • Induce remission
  • Reduce risk of colorectal cancer
  • Resolve acute episodes and prolong remission (correct)
  • Eliminate symptoms completely

Which of the following medications is used for active and chronic symptoms of Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

  • Corticosteroids
  • All of the above
  • Aminosalicylates
  • Thiopurines (correct)

What is the mechanism of action of Corticosteroids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

  • Modulation of gene expression
  • Induction of apoptosis in immune cells
  • Inhibition of inflammatory pathways (correct)
  • Stimulation of anti-inflammatory proteins

Which of the following Aminosalicylates is a prodrug of 5-ASA?

<p>Balsalazide (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential side effect of Aminosalicylates?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is used for active and chronic symptoms of Inflammatory Bowel Disease refractory to corticosteroids?

<p>Cyclosporin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a caution for the use of Aminosalicylates?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a side effect of Corticosteroids?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary location of G cells?

<p>Pyloric atrium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of somatostatin?

<p>Inhibit the production of acid in the stomach (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of Enterochromaffin cells?

<p>Stimulate enteric nerves to initiate secretion and propulsive motility (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Gastric Mucosal Barrier?

<p>Protect the epithelium of the stomach and duodenum from harsh acid conditions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition characterized by the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus?

<p>Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates the secretion of gastrin?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fate of serotonin in the blood?

<p>It is rapidly destroyed in the liver (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the stimulus that most potently releases serotonin from Enterochromaffin cells?

<p>Mucosal stroking (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Misoprostol in reducing gastric acid secretion?

<p>It stimulates prostaglandin E1 receptors on parietal cells in the stomach (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for the use of Pirenzepine?

<p>Adjunct therapy for peptic ulcer disease (PUD) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the unique requirement for the activation of Sucralfate?

<p>An acid pH environment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common side effect of Misoprostol?

<p>Diarrhea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Pirenzepine on gastric acid secretion?

<p>Decreases gastric acid secretion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using Sucralfate over H2 receptor blockers?

<p>Increased efficacy in healing gastric ulcers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of Misoprostol in women?

<p>Childbearing years without reliable birth control (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Chelated Bismuth in protecting the ulcer crater?

<p>It forms a barrier on the ulcer site, allowing for healing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of bulk agents?

<p>Trigger reflex contraction of the intestinal wall (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action for Lactulose?

<p>Osmotic force (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect of infliximab?

<p>Infusion reactions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of enteral loss of water and salts on potassium levels?

<p>Hypokalemia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major side effect of steroid use?

<p>Renal impairment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of lubricant laxatives like Docusate sodium?

<p>Softens the consistency of the stool (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of bridging therapy?

<p>To spare steroid use (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of repeated use of laxatives on the colon?

<p>It increases the interval needed to refill the colon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Bisacodyl?

<p>It irritates the GI mucosa (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of constipation in laxative abuse?

<p>Overuse of laxatives (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Laxative abuse on peristalsis?

<p>It decreases peristalsis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of osmotic laxatives?

<p>Draw water into the intestine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of Polyethylene glycol?

<p>It increases osmotic force (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of monitoring blood pressure in patients taking steroids?

<p>To monitor for hypertension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Senna on the bowel?

<p>It increases intestinal motility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the increased risk of infection with infliximab use?

<p>Reactivation of TB (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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