Hormone-Producing Cells in the Gastrointestinal Tract
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal of treatment for Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

  • Induce remission
  • Reduce risk of colorectal cancer
  • Resolve acute episodes and prolong remission (correct)
  • Eliminate symptoms completely

    • Which of the following medications is used for active and chronic symptoms of Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

  • Corticosteroids
  • All of the above
  • Aminosalicylates
  • Thiopurines (correct)

    • What is the mechanism of action of Corticosteroids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease?

  • Modulation of gene expression
  • Induction of apoptosis in immune cells
  • Inhibition of inflammatory pathways (correct)
  • Stimulation of anti-inflammatory proteins

    • Which of the following Aminosalicylates is a prodrug of 5-ASA?

    <p>Balsalazide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential side effect of Aminosalicylates?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications is used for active and chronic symptoms of Inflammatory Bowel Disease refractory to corticosteroids?

    <p>Cyclosporin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a caution for the use of Aminosalicylates?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a side effect of Corticosteroids?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary location of G cells?

    <p>Pyloric atrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of somatostatin?

    <p>Inhibit the production of acid in the stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of Enterochromaffin cells?

    <p>Stimulate enteric nerves to initiate secretion and propulsive motility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Gastric Mucosal Barrier?

    <p>Protect the epithelium of the stomach and duodenum from harsh acid conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition characterized by the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus?

    <p>Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stimulates the secretion of gastrin?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of serotonin in the blood?

    <p>It is rapidly destroyed in the liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the stimulus that most potently releases serotonin from Enterochromaffin cells?

    <p>Mucosal stroking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Misoprostol in reducing gastric acid secretion?

    <p>It stimulates prostaglandin E1 receptors on parietal cells in the stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for the use of Pirenzepine?

    <p>Adjunct therapy for peptic ulcer disease (PUD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the unique requirement for the activation of Sucralfate?

    <p>An acid pH environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common side effect of Misoprostol?

    <p>Diarrhea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Pirenzepine on gastric acid secretion?

    <p>Decreases gastric acid secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of using Sucralfate over H2 receptor blockers?

    <p>Increased efficacy in healing gastric ulcers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of Misoprostol in women?

    <p>Childbearing years without reliable birth control</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Chelated Bismuth in protecting the ulcer crater?

    <p>It forms a barrier on the ulcer site, allowing for healing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of bulk agents?

    <p>Trigger reflex contraction of the intestinal wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action for Lactulose?

    <p>Osmotic force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect of infliximab?

    <p>Infusion reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of enteral loss of water and salts on potassium levels?

    <p>Hypokalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major side effect of steroid use?

    <p>Renal impairment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of lubricant laxatives like Docusate sodium?

    <p>Softens the consistency of the stool</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of bridging therapy?

    <p>To spare steroid use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of repeated use of laxatives on the colon?

    <p>It increases the interval needed to refill the colon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of Bisacodyl?

    <p>It irritates the GI mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of constipation in laxative abuse?

    <p>Overuse of laxatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Laxative abuse on peristalsis?

    <p>It decreases peristalsis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of osmotic laxatives?

    <p>Draw water into the intestine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of Polyethylene glycol?

    <p>It increases osmotic force</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of monitoring blood pressure in patients taking steroids?

    <p>To monitor for hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Senna on the bowel?

    <p>It increases intestinal motility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the increased risk of infection with infliximab use?

    <p>Reactivation of TB</p> Signup and view all the answers

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