Hormone Binding Proteins
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Hormone Binding Proteins

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Questions and Answers

What can be a cause of hypothyroidism?

  • Thyroid resection (correct)
  • Excessive iodine intake
  • Radiation therapy for cancer treatment
  • Adenoma

    • What is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism globally?

  • Thyroid nodules
  • Iodine deficiency (correct)
  • Thyroid cancer
  • Autoimmune disorders

    • What is a treatment option for hyperthyroidism?

  • Iodine supplements
  • Radioactive ablative therapy (correct)
  • Surgery to remove the adrenal gland
  • Thyroid hormone replacement therapy

    • What is a potential consequence of thyroid resection?

    <p>Hypothyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can cause hyperthyroidism if not enough is available?

    <p>Iodine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of molecules are hormones bound to in the blood?

    <p>Plasma proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) in the blood?

    <p>To transport hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following proteins can bind to hormones in the blood?

    <p>Albumin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of plasma proteins in relation to hormones?

    <p>To bind and transport hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of hormone-binding molecules are albumin and transthyretin?

    <p>Plasma proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of suppressor T lymphocytes in Graves' disease?

    <p>To suppress the activity of helper T lymphocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of antibodies are produced in Graves' disease?

    <p>Antibodies against follicular cell membrane antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of TSH-R [stim] Ab on thyroid follicular cells?

    <p>It stimulates hormone synthesis and secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism by which TSH-R [stim] Ab stimulates hormone synthesis and secretion?

    <p>By mimicking the action of TSH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of excessive T4 and T3 production in Graves' disease?

    <p>Hyperthyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the condition caused by pituitary adenomas?

    <p>Secondary hyperthyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of TSH secretion in pituitary adenomas?

    <p>Does not respond to normal T4 and T3 feedback</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of pituitary adenomas on TSH secretion?

    <p>Increased TSH secretion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which patients does destructive thyroiditis typically occur?

    <p>Those with no underlying thyroid disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of secondary hyperthyroidism?

    <p>Pituitary gland dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of autoimmune thyroiditis is destructive thyroiditis?

    <p>Type II AIT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between TSH secretion and T4 and T3 levels in pituitary adenomas?

    <p>TSH secretion does not respond to changes in T4 and T3 levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What medication is being questioned in its continued use?

    <p>Amiodarone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between destructive thyroiditis and underlying thyroid disease?

    <p>Destructive thyroiditis typically occurs in patients with no underlying thyroid disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the context in which the use of amiodarone is being questioned?

    <p>In relation to destructive thyroiditis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Hormone Binding and Causes of Hyperthyroidism

    • Thyroid hormones are bound to plasma proteins, including albumin, transthyretin, and thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG).
    • Iatrogenic causes of hyperthyroidism include thyroid resection or radioactive ablative therapy for treatment of hyperthyroidism.
    • Iodine deficiency is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism worldwide.
    • Pituitary adenomas can cause secondary hyperthyroidism, a rare condition, by producing excessive TSH secretion that does not respond to normal T4 and T3 feedback.

    Graves' Disease

    • In Graves' disease, a defect of suppressor T lymphocytes allows helper T lymphocytes to stimulate B lymphocytes to secrete antibodies against follicular cell membrane antigens.
    • The TSH receptor autoantibody (TSH-R [stim] Ab) directs against thyrotropin receptors at the thyroid gland, mimicking TSH.
    • When TSH-R [stim] Ab binds to the cell membrane TSH receptors, it stimulates hormone synthesis and secretion, leading to excessive production of T4 and T3.

    Destructive Thyroiditis

    • Destructive thyroiditis (type II AIT) typically occurs in patients with no underlying thyroid disease.
    • Amiodarone, a medication, may contribute to thyroiditis.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the binding of hormones to plasma proteins, including albumin, transthyretin, and thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG). Review the different binding mechanisms and their importance in the body. Test your knowledge of hormone binding proteins and their functions!

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