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Questions and Answers
What symptom indicates that a patient with influenza should remain in bed?
What symptom indicates that a patient with influenza should remain in bed?
- Fever (correct)
- Coughing
- Severe headaches
- Sneezing
What is a recommended method for managing fever in influenza patients?
What is a recommended method for managing fever in influenza patients?
- Cool baths
- Cold compresses
- Overexertion
- Steam inhalation (correct)
What should you monitor closely when treating a prolonged influenza case?
What should you monitor closely when treating a prolonged influenza case?
- Dietary preferences
- Physical activity levels
- Body temperature (correct)
- Fluid intake
Which of the following symptoms may indicate the need for medical monitoring in an influenza patient?
Which of the following symptoms may indicate the need for medical monitoring in an influenza patient?
How long should a patient with influenza stay in bed if fever persists?
How long should a patient with influenza stay in bed if fever persists?
What are lifestyle diseases primarily attributed to?
What are lifestyle diseases primarily attributed to?
Which of the following is considered a modifiable lifestyle factor?
Which of the following is considered a modifiable lifestyle factor?
How are lifestyle diseases different from infectious diseases?
How are lifestyle diseases different from infectious diseases?
What impact do lifestyle diseases have on society?
What impact do lifestyle diseases have on society?
Which of the following best describes the nature of lifestyle diseases?
Which of the following best describes the nature of lifestyle diseases?
Which type of food has increasingly replaced nutritious meals in modern diets?
Which type of food has increasingly replaced nutritious meals in modern diets?
What emotional impact do lifestyle diseases typically have on families?
What emotional impact do lifestyle diseases typically have on families?
What is considered a non-modifiable lifestyle factor?
What is considered a non-modifiable lifestyle factor?
What defines immunity in the human body?
What defines immunity in the human body?
Which of the following statements about communicable diseases is true?
Which of the following statements about communicable diseases is true?
How do white blood cells contribute to immunity?
How do white blood cells contribute to immunity?
What symptoms are commonly associated with a cold?
What symptoms are commonly associated with a cold?
In which of the following ways can communicable diseases be transmitted?
In which of the following ways can communicable diseases be transmitted?
What happens if antibodies are unable to resist germ invasion?
What happens if antibodies are unable to resist germ invasion?
What is a characteristic symptom of hypertension?
What is a characteristic symptom of hypertension?
What role do antibodies play in the immune process?
What role do antibodies play in the immune process?
What is the main characteristic symptom of pertussis?
What is the main characteristic symptom of pertussis?
Which method is NOT recommended for preparing an ORS solution?
Which method is NOT recommended for preparing an ORS solution?
For a patient suffering from dehydration, what should they be given?
For a patient suffering from dehydration, what should they be given?
What type of environment is recommended for a patient with pertussis?
What type of environment is recommended for a patient with pertussis?
Which of the following diseases is spread through infected food and water?
Which of the following diseases is spread through infected food and water?
What is the correct ratio for making a homemade oral rehydration solution if ORS packets are unavailable?
What is the correct ratio for making a homemade oral rehydration solution if ORS packets are unavailable?
Which insect is primarily responsible for the transmission of malaria?
Which insect is primarily responsible for the transmission of malaria?
What is the appropriate way to feed ORS to infants?
What is the appropriate way to feed ORS to infants?
What does HIV stand for?
What does HIV stand for?
Which of the following is NOT a way HIV/AIDS can be transmitted?
Which of the following is NOT a way HIV/AIDS can be transmitted?
What happens when the HIV virus completely destroys the body's defense system?
What happens when the HIV virus completely destroys the body's defense system?
Which of the following is a symptom of influenza?
Which of the following is a symptom of influenza?
Which body fluids can transmit HIV?
Which body fluids can transmit HIV?
What is the primary function of the body's defense system?
What is the primary function of the body's defense system?
Which disease condition is characterized as highly communicable and debilitating?
Which disease condition is characterized as highly communicable and debilitating?
How can a mother transmit HIV to her child?
How can a mother transmit HIV to her child?
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Study Notes
Health and Disease
- Health is defined in terms of the absence of disease, highlighting the presence of specific signs and symptoms linked to various illnesses.
- Common cold symptoms include sore throat, blocked nose, body ache, and fever.
- Hypertension symptoms can include restlessness, disorientation, and fatigue.
- Diseases are categorized into two main types: communicable diseases and lifestyle diseases.
Immunity
- Immunity is the body's ability to resist specific diseases and is determined by the efficacy of white blood cells.
- White blood cells function as the immune system's soldiers, producing antibodies to combat germs.
- Successful antibody response prevents infection; failure leads to disease symptoms.
Communicable Diseases
- Communicable diseases, or infectious diseases, can be transmitted from one person to another through various mediums: contact, air, food, water, or sexual interaction.
- Examples include typhoid and cholera, which have become less prevalent compared to lifestyle diseases like diabetes and heart disease.
- Communicable diseases typically involve acute infections leading to immediate symptoms.
Lifestyle Diseases
- Lifestyle diseases result from chronic (long-term) lifestyle choices rather than infectious causes.
- They stem from lifestyle factors including diet, physical activity, and substance use (smoking, alcohol).
- Common lifestyle diseases include diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and heart disease, increasingly impacting younger populations in developing countries.
- Modifiable factors (diet, activity level, addictions) can change, while non-modifiable factors (age, heredity) cannot.
- The prevalence of unhealthy eating habits and addiction to fast food and processed foods is on the rise.
Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS)
- ORS helps in treating dehydration: it is prepared from an ORS packet and clean water (8 teaspoons of sugar and 1 teaspoon of salt can be a homemade alternative).
- The solution must not be mixed with milk, soup, or fruit juices, and should be stirred properly for effective use.
HIV/AIDS
- HIV (Human Immuno Deficiency Virus) attacks the body's immune system, leading to AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome).
- Transmission modes include unprotected sexual contact, exchange of body fluids (e.g., blood transfusions), use of shared needles, and from mother to child during childbirth.
- Awareness and education on the non-transmissible nature of HIV/AIDS are crucial for prevention.
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