Home Science: Communicable Diseases Overview

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Questions and Answers

What symptom indicates that a patient with influenza should remain in bed?

Fever (correct)

Coughing

Severe headaches

Sneezing

What is a recommended method for managing fever in influenza patients?

Cool baths

Cold compresses

Overexertion

Steam inhalation (correct)

What should you monitor closely when treating a prolonged influenza case?

Dietary preferences

Physical activity levels

Body temperature (correct)

Fluid intake

Which of the following symptoms may indicate the need for medical monitoring in an influenza patient?

Loss of appetite Signup and view all the answers

How long should a patient with influenza stay in bed if fever persists?

As long as there is fever Signup and view all the answers

What are lifestyle diseases primarily attributed to?

Defective lifestyle patterns Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is considered a modifiable lifestyle factor?

Food habits Signup and view all the answers

How are lifestyle diseases different from infectious diseases?

Lifestyle diseases are chronic and not caused by infections. Signup and view all the answers

What impact do lifestyle diseases have on society?

Reduction in productivity and financial burden Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the nature of lifestyle diseases?

They are non-communicable and chronic. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of food has increasingly replaced nutritious meals in modern diets?

Fast food and junk food Signup and view all the answers

What emotional impact do lifestyle diseases typically have on families?

They leave family members emotionally and mentally drained. Signup and view all the answers

What is considered a non-modifiable lifestyle factor?

Heredity Signup and view all the answers

What defines immunity in the human body?

The ability to resist a particular disease. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about communicable diseases is true?

They can be transmitted through air and food. Signup and view all the answers

How do white blood cells contribute to immunity?

They act as soldiers by producing antibodies. Signup and view all the answers

What symptoms are commonly associated with a cold?

Sore throat, blocked nose, body ache, and fever. Signup and view all the answers

In which of the following ways can communicable diseases be transmitted?

Via various means including touch and sharing items. Signup and view all the answers

What happens if antibodies are unable to resist germ invasion?

The symptoms of disease will appear. Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic symptom of hypertension?

Restlessness and disorientation. Signup and view all the answers

What role do antibodies play in the immune process?

They help in the fight against infection by attacking germs. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic symptom of pertussis?

Severe bouts of cough Signup and view all the answers

Which method is NOT recommended for preparing an ORS solution?

Adding ORS to milk Signup and view all the answers

For a patient suffering from dehydration, what should they be given?

Fluid and ORS Signup and view all the answers

What type of environment is recommended for a patient with pertussis?

A well-ventilated room Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following diseases is spread through infected food and water?

Typhoid Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct ratio for making a homemade oral rehydration solution if ORS packets are unavailable?

8 teaspoons of sugar and 1 teaspoon of salt to 1 liter of water Signup and view all the answers

Which insect is primarily responsible for the transmission of malaria?

Mosquito Signup and view all the answers

What is the appropriate way to feed ORS to infants?

From a clean cup with a spoon Signup and view all the answers

What does HIV stand for?

Human Immuno Deficiency Virus Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a way HIV/AIDS can be transmitted?

Sharing food with an infected person Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the HIV virus completely destroys the body's defense system?

AIDS sets in Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of influenza?

Sore throat Signup and view all the answers

Which body fluids can transmit HIV?

Infected blood and semen Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the body's defense system?

To attack and kill viruses and bacteria Signup and view all the answers

Which disease condition is characterized as highly communicable and debilitating?

HIV/AIDS Signup and view all the answers

How can a mother transmit HIV to her child?

During pregnancy or at birth Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Health and Disease

Health is defined in terms of the absence of disease, highlighting the presence of specific signs and symptoms linked to various illnesses.
Common cold symptoms include sore throat, blocked nose, body ache, and fever.
Hypertension symptoms can include restlessness, disorientation, and fatigue.
Diseases are categorized into two main types: communicable diseases and lifestyle diseases.

Immunity

Immunity is the body's ability to resist specific diseases and is determined by the efficacy of white blood cells.
White blood cells function as the immune system's soldiers, producing antibodies to combat germs.
Successful antibody response prevents infection; failure leads to disease symptoms.

Communicable Diseases

Communicable diseases, or infectious diseases, can be transmitted from one person to another through various mediums: contact, air, food, water, or sexual interaction.
Examples include typhoid and cholera, which have become less prevalent compared to lifestyle diseases like diabetes and heart disease.
Communicable diseases typically involve acute infections leading to immediate symptoms.

Lifestyle Diseases

Lifestyle diseases result from chronic (long-term) lifestyle choices rather than infectious causes.
They stem from lifestyle factors including diet, physical activity, and substance use (smoking, alcohol).
Common lifestyle diseases include diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and heart disease, increasingly impacting younger populations in developing countries.
Modifiable factors (diet, activity level, addictions) can change, while non-modifiable factors (age, heredity) cannot.
The prevalence of unhealthy eating habits and addiction to fast food and processed foods is on the rise.

Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS)

ORS helps in treating dehydration: it is prepared from an ORS packet and clean water (8 teaspoons of sugar and 1 teaspoon of salt can be a homemade alternative).
The solution must not be mixed with milk, soup, or fruit juices, and should be stirred properly for effective use.

HIV/AIDS

HIV (Human Immuno Deficiency Virus) attacks the body's immune system, leading to AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome).
Transmission modes include unprotected sexual contact, exchange of body fluids (e.g., blood transfusions), use of shared needles, and from mother to child during childbirth.
Awareness and education on the non-transmissible nature of HIV/AIDS are crucial for prevention.

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Description

This quiz focuses on communicable and lifestyle diseases as discussed in Home Science. It aims to help you recall definitions and key signs and symptoms associated with health issues. Brush up on Lesson 7 to ensure you grasp these concepts effectively.