Unit 2 Domains Chapter 16

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Questions and Answers

What is the main goal of wellness according to the text?

To be free from illness

To eliminate all lifestyle factors

To actively pursue good health (correct)

To reduce death rates

Which lifestyle factors are mentioned as contributing to the leading causes of death in the United States?

Excessive social interaction

Inadequate physical activity and inappropriate nutrition (correct)

Appropriate nutrition and stress management

Regular exercise

What are some of the independent risk factors for morbidity and mortality mentioned in the text?

Overconsumption of fruits and vegetables

Balanced diet and stress management

Social isolation and substance use (correct)

Regular physical activity

Why is wellness described as a dynamic process in the text?

Because it involves making choices towards a healthy life Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of the Healthy People 2020 initiative?

To promote increased quality of life and healthy behaviors across all life stages Signup and view all the answers

Which dimension of wellness involves being open to new ideas and seeking out new challenges?

Intellectual Wellness Signup and view all the answers

What is recommended as a way to improve emotional wellness?

Considering pet ownership Signup and view all the answers

In which dimension of wellness is cultivating a mindfulness practice an important aspect?

Spiritual Wellness Signup and view all the answers

What is a suggestion for enhancing environmental wellness?

Participating in groups that support protecting the environment Signup and view all the answers

Which dimension of wellness involves enjoying strong personal connections with others?

Social Wellness Signup and view all the answers

What aspect is essential to financial wellness?

Saving a portion of each paycheck Signup and view all the answers

What is a key element of spiritual wellness?

Finding a spiritual connection or community Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method that primary care providers should use to identify lifestyle factors that need further elaboration?

Physical examination skills Signup and view all the answers

What is one observable sign mentioned in the text that could indicate a patient's lifestyle concern while conversing with the provider?

Tobacco-stained fingertips Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of households in the United States were food insecure at some time during the year in 2017?

11.8% Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as 'food insecurity' according to the text?

Households with uncertain or insufficient access to food Signup and view all the answers

What is one consequence of an insufficient amount of exercise, as mentioned in the text?

Low self-esteem Signup and view all the answers

According to the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, what should be considered in the lifestyle assessment related to physical activity?

Type, frequency, and duration of physical activity Signup and view all the answers

What should providers focus on when evaluating dietary intake for an individual with weight management problems?

Evaluating dietary intake of sugar and fats, high-fiber foods, caloric intake, and alcohol consumption Signup and view all the answers

What do the 2015 to 2020 dietary guidelines recommend focusing on?

'Variety, nutrient density, and amount' Signup and view all the answers

'Food-insecure households include those with low food security and very low food security.' What is the difference between these two types of households?

'Low food security households are uncertain about access to food and very low food security households have access but not enough.' Signup and view all the answers

'Support healthy eating patterns for all.' According to the text, why is it important to support healthy eating patterns for everyone?

'Healthy eating patterns contribute to overall wellness.' Signup and view all the answers

What are some aspects of physical wellness that individuals should consider for optimal health?

Prioritizing nutrition and illness prevention Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT recommended in the text for maintaining physical wellness?

Increasing screen time before bed Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential component of a wellness examination according to the text?

Measurement of height, weight, and blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

Why might patients be confused about their health screenings and immunizations?

Because the recommendations change over time Signup and view all the answers

What topics are typically discussed during an annual wellness exam for older adults?

Cognitive screen and advance directives Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT specifically mentioned as an aspect of physical wellness in the text?

Financial investment strategies Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of patient history might explain unhealthy reactions to stressful situations as per the text?

Combat stress history Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for individuals to maintain a regular sleep schedule according to the text?

'To optimize health and functioning' Signup and view all the answers

'Wellness Examination, Routine Health Screenings, and Immunizations' primarily focus on which aspect of well-being?

'Overall health promotion' Signup and view all the answers

'Immunizations are continuously developed or improved' to address which specific need according to the text?

'Ensuring up-to-date immunization coverage' Signup and view all the answers

Where can patients find information about specific health screenings and immunizations online?

<a href="https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/BrowseRec/Index/browse-recommendations">https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/BrowseRec/Index/browse-recommendations</a> Signup and view all the answers

What is emphasized in the text as a key element of maintaining physical wellness?

Engaging in a variety of physical activities Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended amount of physical activity per day for youth ages 6 to 17?

60 minutes Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the negative consequences of sarcopenia in older adults?

Increased rate of falling with fracture Signup and view all the answers

Which behavioral sign could indicate anxiety?

Clenched fists Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for all patients seen in primary care to be screened for age-appropriate neglect or abuse?

To prevent further health complications related to abusive relationships Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of an escape behavior in response to stress?

Excessive alcohol consumption Signup and view all the answers

What is a major concern for individuals with substance use conditions according to the text?

Higher risk of contracting HIV and hepatitis C Signup and view all the answers

How can a provider assist in planning effective interventions for stress?

By exploring attributes of stress with the patient Signup and view all the answers

How does the use of prescription drugs and illicit street drugs impact life expectancy?

It shortens life expectancy Signup and view all the answers

What is eustress?

Stress from happy events or occasions Signup and view all the answers

What is a common misconception addressed in the text regarding smoking cessation programs?

It is too late to quit smoking once started Signup and view all the answers

How frequently should muscle-strengthening exercises be performed by adults?

2 or more days each week Signup and view all the answers

How are e-cigarettes marketed to appeal to young people?

In various appealing flavors Signup and view all the answers

What safety measure is emphasized in the text regarding home safety?

Having an established personal disaster plan Signup and view all the answers

Which activity can be considered an antidote to the physiological changes caused by stress?

Participating in a hobby Signup and view all the answers

What technique involves inhaling through the nose to inflate the lungs and exhaling through the mouth at a slower rate?

Meditation Signup and view all the answers

What is another term for 'belly breathing'?

Diaphragmatic breathing Signup and view all the answers

What can help decrease stress by regulating respiration using the diaphragm?

Diaphragmatic breathing Signup and view all the answers

How is deep breathing beneficial according to the text?

It decreases stress Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an activity that can elicit the relaxation response?

Screaming loudly Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used for relaxing on exhalation with a long and slow exhale?

'Cleansing breath' Signup and view all the answers

Which of these activities is recommended for decreasing stress levels?

'Walking' Signup and view all the answers

What health indicators decrease with relaxation according to the text?

Blood glucose levels Signup and view all the answers

'Belly breathing' can be observed in the way an infant breathes due to what characteristic?

'Thrusting outward of the belly' Signup and view all the answers

What kind of information must travelers be provided with if there is any risk of malaria at their destination?

Information about malaria prophylaxis Signup and view all the answers

'Cleansing breath' can be associated with which technique learned in Lamaze classes?

'Deep breathing' Signup and view all the answers

Which precautionary measure should travelers clearly understand to manage traveler's diarrhea?

Basic food and water precautions Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following activities can elicit the relaxation response?

Walking in nature Signup and view all the answers

What should travelers be aware of to protect themselves against pathogens spread person-to-person through the respiratory tract?

Sexually transmitted infections Signup and view all the answers

Why should travelers research the best sources of medical care in the countries they will be visiting?

To make informed decisions about medical evacuation insurance Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of integrative medicine as provided in the text?

Combining Western and Eastern health practices along with other therapeutic approaches Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key aspects of primary care providers according to the text?

Serving as coaches, cheerleaders, and educators about health issues Signup and view all the answers

Why should travelers with chronic illnesses be well-prepared before international travel according to the text?

To manage minor complications or manifestations of their illness themselves Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of integrative health care according to the text?

It involves educating and empowering people to be active in their own care Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding travel medicine important for health care providers according to the text?

To be knowledgeable about health care issues related to international travel Signup and view all the answers

What is a key component of disaster preparedness mentioned in the text?

Keeping a disaster preparedness kit stocked and ready Signup and view all the answers

How does integrative medicine address the nature of illness according to the text?

By recognizing biologic, psychological, sociological, and spiritual dimensions inherent in each patient encounter Signup and view all the answers

Why are family discussions about disaster plans considered essential according to the text?

To plan for communicating and establish a central meeting place Signup and view all the answers

Why should individuals be familiar with community disaster plans according to the text?

To make the entire community safer Signup and view all the answers

What is the importance of educating and empowering individuals in integrative health care according to the text?

To make them active participants in their own care Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Wellness and Lifestyle Factors

The main goal of wellness is to achieve optimal health and well-being.
Lifestyle factors contributing to leading causes of death in the US include physical inactivity, poor nutrition, and tobacco use.

Independent Risk Factors

Independent risk factors for morbidity and mortality include physical inactivity, smoking, obesity, and excessive alcohol consumption.

Dimensions of Wellness

The cognitive dimension of wellness involves being open to new ideas and seeking out new challenges.
The emotional dimension of wellness can be improved by practicing gratitude and self-reflection.
The spiritual dimension of wellness involves cultivating a sense of purpose and meaning.
The environmental dimension of wellness can be enhanced by reducing waste and conserving resources.

Healthy People 2020 Initiative

The main goal of the Healthy People 2020 initiative is to promote healthy behaviors and reduce chronic diseases.

Physical Wellness

Physical activity is essential for optimal health, with a recommended daily amount of 60 minutes for youth ages 6-17.
Aspects of physical wellness to consider include nutrition, exercise, sleep, and stress management.
Sarcopenia in older adults can lead to negative consequences, such as fall risk and decreased mobility.

Financial Wellness

Essential aspects of financial wellness include budgeting, saving, and managing debt.

Primary Care and Wellness

Primary care providers should use open-ended questions to identify lifestyle factors that need further elaboration.
An observable sign of a patient's lifestyle concern is lack of eye contact during conversation.
Food insecurity is a significant concern, affecting 12.3% of US households in 2017.

Nutrition and Diet

The 2015-2020 dietary guidelines recommend focusing on healthy eating patterns for all.
Providers should focus on evaluating dietary intake for individuals with weight management problems.

Stress and Anxiety

Stress management techniques include deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, and mindfulness.
Behavioral signs of anxiety include avoidance behaviors and escape behaviors.
Patients should be screened for age-appropriate neglect or abuse.

Sleep and Relaxation

Maintaining a regular sleep schedule is essential for optimal health.
Deep breathing techniques, such as diaphragmatic breathing, can help regulate stress and promote relaxation.

Travel Medicine and Disaster Preparedness

Travelers should research the best sources of medical care in the countries they will be visiting.
Integrative medicine addresses the nature of illness by considering the whole person, including their physical, emotional, and spiritual well-being.
Key components of disaster preparedness include having a plan, staying informed, and being prepared to adapt.

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