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Questions and Answers
Which immune cells are targeted by HIV through the binding of glycoprotein 120?
Which immune cells are targeted by HIV through the binding of glycoprotein 120?
- B cells, Neutrophils, CD8+ T cells
- Natural killer cells, Mast cells, Memory T cells
- Eosinophils, Basophils, Plasma cells
- Macrophages, Dendritic cells, CD4+ helper T cells (correct)
What is the role of the chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 in HIV infection?
What is the role of the chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 in HIV infection?
- They facilitate the binding of HIV to immune cells for viral entry. (correct)
- They act as signaling molecules that enhance immune response.
- They are responsible for the degradation of HIV particles.
- They are involved in the production of antibodies against the virus.
What additional structure must GP-120 bind to in order to attach to CD4+ T cells?
What additional structure must GP-120 bind to in order to attach to CD4+ T cells?
- CXCR4 coreceptor (correct)
- CCR5 receptor
- CD8+ glycoprotein
- CD3 complex
Which statement about GP-120 is true?
Which statement about GP-120 is true?
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Which of the following correctly describes the function of GP-120 in HIV infection?
Which of the following correctly describes the function of GP-120 in HIV infection?
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Study Notes
HIV and Its Targets
- HIV primarily targets the immune system cells: macrophages, dendritic cells, and CD4+ helper T cells.
- Interaction with the immune cells is facilitated by the virus's outer surface glycoprotein, GP-120.
Mechanism of Viral Entry
- GP-120 binds specifically to CD4+ receptors found on dendritic cells, which is crucial for viral attachment.
- For successful entry into macrophages, GP-120 also attaches to the chemokine receptor, CCR5, serving as a secondary binding site.
- In CD4+ T cells, GP-120 requires binding to both the CD4+ receptor and another chemokine receptor, CXCR4, for the virus to enter the cell.
Key Receptors
- CD4+: A primary receptor on immune cells that HIV exploits to gain entry.
- CCR5: A coreceptor that facilitates HIV entry into macrophages.
- CXCR4: Another coreceptor crucial for HIV entry into CD4+ T cells, working alongside CD4+.
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