chapter 8
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Questions and Answers

What type of genome does HIV have?

  • Single-stranded RNA (correct)
  • Double-stranded RNA
  • Double-stranded DNA
  • Single-stranded DNA

    • Why does drug therapy with a single drug usually fail with HIV?

  • HIV remains dormant in the body.
  • HIV only targets specific cells.
  • HIV mutates rapidly, leading to drug resistance. (correct)
  • HIV has a double-stranded RNA genome.

    • What is the role of helper T cells in the immune system?

  • Produce antibodies
  • Regulate the immune response (correct)
  • Destroy pathogens directly
  • Detect foreign antigens

    • Why are some people resistant to HIV infection?

    <p>They have a mutation in the CCR5 gene.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is reverse transcriptase and why is the RT of HIV considered 'sloppy'?

    <p>It synthesizes DNA from an RNA template, prone to errors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where did SARS-CoV-2 most likely come from?

    <p>Bats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    HIV stands for Human Influenza Virus.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    HIV specifically targets B cells in the immune system.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    CD4 is a surface target protein for SARS-CoV-2.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    SARS-CoV-2 primarily invades the mitochondria of host cells.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    There are multiple strains of SARS-CoV-2 that coexist without one replacing the other.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Only one type of vaccine has been developed against SARS-CoV-2.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Pharmacological methods are used to control and prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does drug therapy with a single drug usually fail with HIV?

    <p>HIV has a high mutation rate, leading to the development of drug resistance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of CCR5 in HIV infection?

    <p>CCR5 is a receptor on CD4 cells that HIV uses to enter and infect these cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are some people resistant to HIV infection?

    <p>They have a mutation in the CCR5 gene that prevents HIV entry into cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the failure of the immune system after HIV infection?

    <p>HIV infects and kills helper T cells, weakening the immune response.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is D32 related to in the context of HIV infection?

    <p>D32 is a region on the HIV genome responsible for drug resistance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is reverse transcriptase in HIV considered 'sloppy'?

    <p>Reverse transcriptase has low fidelity, leading to frequent mutations in the viral genome.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of virus is SARS-CoV-2?

    <p>SARS-CoV-2 is a coronavirus that causes respiratory infections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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