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Questions and Answers
What is the meaning of the word 'translation'?
What is the significance of the word 'metaphrase'?
What significant translation work is associated with the third century BC?
Which ancient text was translated into the Asian language during the Mesopotamia era?
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Who was named as the translation patron saint by the early church in the fourth century AD?
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What is considered to be the first known translation?
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What was the historical background of the Grammar Translation Method (GTM)?
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Who was the first to establish translation as a profession?
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When were the first translations of Greek and Coptic texts into Arabic likely undertaken?
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What is the main aim of theoretical translation studies?
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Study Notes
Meaning of Translation
- Translation refers to the process of converting text or speech from one language into another, preserving meaning and context.
Significance of Metaphrase
- Metaphrase is the method of translating text word-for-word, emphasizing a literal representation of the source material.
Significant Translation Work in the Third Century BC
- The Septuagint, an ancient Greek translation of the Hebrew Scriptures, was produced during the third century BC and holds historical significance for Judaism and Christianity.
Translation in Mesopotamia
- The Epic of Gilgamesh, one of the oldest pieces of literature, was translated into various Asian languages during the Mesopotamia era.
Patron Saint of Translation
- Jerome, a scholar in the fourth century AD, was named as the patron saint of translators by the early church for his work on the Latin Vulgate translation of the Bible.
First Known Translation
- The first known translation is often attributed to the translation of the Egyptian text "The Instruction of Ptahhotep," which reflects ancient wisdom literature.
Historical Background of the Grammar Translation Method (GTM)
- The Grammar Translation Method emerged in the 19th century, primarily in Europe. It was developed for teaching classical languages and focused on grammar rules, vocabulary, and translation of texts.
Establishment of Translation as a Profession
- The establishment of translation as a profession can be traced back to the renaissance when multilingual scholars began to appreciate the need for trained translators in various fields, including literature, science, and diplomacy.
Early Translations of Greek and Coptic Texts into Arabic
- The earliest translations of Greek and Coptic texts into Arabic likely commenced during the Abbasid Caliphate (8th to 13th centuries), facilitating the transfer of knowledge and culture.
Main Aim of Theoretical Translation Studies
- Theoretical translation studies aim to analyze the principles, processes, and effects of translation, focusing on understanding how meanings are transformed between languages and cultures.
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Description
Explore the historical development of translation theory and methods, including the units of translation and the Grammar Translation Method. Learn about the earliest known translations and the evolution of translation practices through history.
