History of the Middle Passage and Slave Rebellions

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What was the primary purpose of the Middle Passage?

To transport manufactured goods from England to Africa

To transport enslaved Africans from Africa to the Americas (correct)

To transport finished goods from the Americas to Africa

To transport raw materials from the Americas to England

The term "Middle Passage" was coined by enslaved Africans to describe their journey.

False (B)

What was the main factor that led to the decline in slave deaths on French ships during the 19th century?

Improvements in sailing ship technology.

The most common ailment that killed both slaves and crew members during the Middle Passage was ______.

dysentery Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their respective definitions:

Loose Pack = A model where ships carried fewer slaves per ton to decrease mortality rates Tight Pack = A model where maximum capacity of slaves per ton was prioritized to maximize profits Seasoned = Slaves born in the Caribbean or Brazil who were accustomed to plantation life Chattel = A form of slavery where enslaved people were considered property, not humans Planters = People who owned and operated plantations Signup and view all the answers

The Stono Rebellion was a direct result of the Negro Act of 1740, which imposed stricter conditions on enslaved people in Carolina.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these groups did Nathaniel Bacon appeal to in his rebellion?

Indentured servants (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following were the primary motivating factors behind European exploration in the 1400s?

Desire for spices, gold, and expansion of Christianity (A) Signup and view all the answers

What was the main reason Spain offered freedom and land to runaway slaves?

To weaken the English colonies and gain allies in their fight against the British. Signup and view all the answers

The ______ Rebellion, also known as the Stono Rebellion, was a major uprising of enslaved people in South Carolina in 1739.

Stono Signup and view all the answers

The Portuguese invention of the caravel was the main reason why they were able to control world trade in the 1400s.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

Match the following events with their corresponding descriptions:

Bacon's Rebellion = A rebellion led by Nathaniel Bacon against the colonial government in Virginia, fueled by discontent among indentured servants and poor whites. Stono Rebellion = A major slave uprising in South Carolina that resulted in the deaths of hundreds of whites and the tightening of slave laws. Negro Act of 1740 = Legislation enacted in South Carolina that restricted the rights of enslaved people and imposed harsher penalties for disobedience. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary goal of the Portuguese in exploring sea routes to India?

To gain access to the spice trade Signup and view all the answers

The first European slave factory in West Africa, known as ______ Castle, was constructed by the Portuguese.

Elmina Signup and view all the answers

Match the following European countries with their respective roles in the transatlantic slave trade in the 1400s

Portugal = Dominated the early stages of the slave trade in West Africa Spain = Initially focused on colonizing and exploiting the Americas England = Became a major player in the transatlantic slave trade later in the 17th century France = Developed substantial involvement in the transatlantic slave trade in the 18th century Signup and view all the answers

The trans-Saharan slave trade primarily involved the transportation of enslaved Africans for manual labor on plantations in Europe.

False (B) Signup and view all the answers

How did interethnic rivalries in West Africa impact the transatlantic slave trade?

European involvement in interethnic rivalries increased the supply of enslaved Africans as tribes traded their captives to European powers for firearms and other goods. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors contributed to the increased demand for slaves in the Americas?

All of the Above (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was the main cash crop in the Carolinas?

Rice (C) Signup and view all the answers

Indentured servants were often sent to Maryland to escape harsh conditions in Virginia.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

What did the Virginia House of Burgesses do in 1669 regarding masters who killed slaves?

They exempted masters who killed slaves from felony charges. Signup and view all the answers

The ______ Company played a major role in the slave trade in Maryland, establishing a major post that became the biggest in America.

Royal African Signup and view all the answers

Match the following colonies with their primary cash crop:

Virginia = Tobacco Carolinas = Rice Georgia = Rice South Carolina = Rice Signup and view all the answers

What type of labor system was primarily used in the Chesapeake area?

Gang (D) Signup and view all the answers

Georgia was initially established as a colony that was supposed to be a buffer between English and Spanish territories, prohibiting slavery.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

What did the Dutch West India Company do with the slaves they owned in New Netherlands?

They paid their slaves to work, but didn't give them the choice of what labor they performed. Signup and view all the answers

The practice of setting a slave free is called ______.

manumission Signup and view all the answers

Which religious group strongly advocated for the end of slavery?

Quakers (D) Signup and view all the answers

Massachusetts actively engaged in the slave trade, selling slaves and food to other colonies and the Caribbean, even though they did not own slaves themselves.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary argument used to justify the ban on slavery in Massachusetts?

Christianity and slavery were seen as incompatible. Signup and view all the answers

Enslaved people often used ______ to communicate between each other and express their experiences.

Negro spirituals Signup and view all the answers

Which of these factors limited the freedom of free Black people in the Chesapeake area?

All of the above (D) Signup and view all the answers

Bacon’s Rebellion was a revolt that led to the strengthening of racial slavery.

True (A) Signup and view all the answers

Renaissance

Period in the 1400s when Europe advanced in arts and sciences, moving out of the Dark Ages.

Caravel

Advanced Portuguese ship capable of long-distance travel.