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Questions and Answers
What has brought the speaker safely thus far?
What will be the speaker's portion as long as life endures?
What will happen to the earth according to the poem?
What was the result of the abolitionist movement in Britain in 1792?
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What was the approximate number of people who refused to buy West Indian sugar in 1792?
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What contributed to the interest in the abolition of slavery?
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Who were some of the notable abolitionists?
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What is the significance of John Newton in the context of abolition?
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What was the occupation of Charles Stewart?
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Where was Somerset initially taken after escaping?
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Who intervened on Somerset's side in the court case?
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What was the main argument of Somerset's lawyers in the court case?
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Where was Lord Mansfield from?
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What was the expectation of the court case?
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Why did Somerset's lawyers focus on legal details?
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Who was Dido, according to the passage?
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What was the primary purpose of the captain's order to bring some cargo on deck?
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What was the result of the perils of the sea, disease, and malnutrition on the slaves?
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What is the term 'Middle Passage' referring to?
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What percentage of the total French slave trade did the city of Nantes represent?
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What was the primary reason behind the ownership of slaves in the British colonies?
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What was the target of the slave-trade abolitionists?
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What was the significance of the well-to-do owning slaves?
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What did the abolition of the slave trade in the eighteenth-century British context refer to?
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What was the name Equiano used when he served in the Royal Navy in 1756?
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Why did Equiano use the name Gustavus Vassa?
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What was the title of John Bunyan's nonfiction work?
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What was Equiano's condition on the ship?
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What did Equiano envy about the inhabitants of the deep?
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What did Equiano think of the whites?
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What rights were declared as 'unalienable' by Thomas Jefferson?
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What was the purpose of publication by subscription?
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Who wrote a book that was compared to Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe?
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What was the result of the Haitian Revolution?
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When did the Haitian Revolution begin?
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Who wrote the book 1776?
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Study Notes
The Middle Passage
- The Middle Passage refers to the transatlantic route or the middle leg of the journey between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.
- During this journey, slaves faced disease, malnutrition, and perils of the sea, leading to a high mortality rate.
The French Slave Trade
- The city of Nantes, located on the Loire River, was an important hub for the French slave trade, representing approximately 40% of the total.
- In 2012, the city inaugurated a Memorial to the Abolition of Slavery.
The Triangular Trade Route
- Most slaves were transported in the triangular trade route.
- The ownership of slaves in the British colonies was not only for economic reasons but also as a status symbol and fashion statement.
The Abolition of Slavery
- The abolition of slavery was a progressive intellectual and political undertaking in Britain.
- In the 18th century, abolition primarily referred to the abolition of trade in slaves from Africa to the remaining British colonies in the West Indies.
- Abolitionists did not necessarily aim to abolish the institution of slavery itself.
The Role of Human Rights
- The spread of human rights ideas during the American and French Revolutions contributed to the abolitionist movement.
- Key figures like William Wilberforce, Thomas Clarkson, and Granville Sharp played a crucial role in the abolitionist movement.
The Somerset Case
- Charles Stewart, a customs officer from Boston, brought a slave named Somerset to England in 1769.
- Somerset escaped and was recaptured, but Granville Sharp intervened, leading to a court case that tested the legality of slavery in England.
- The case ultimately led to the determination that colonial law did not apply in England, and that slavery was not legally recognized in the country.
Olaudah Equiano
- Olaudah Equiano was a former slave who wrote an autobiography that was published in 1789.
- His book was a spiritual "autobiography" that told the story of his life and experiences as a slave.
- Equiano's autobiography was widely discussed, including in France, where it was compared to Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe.
The Haitian Revolution
- The Haitian Revolution began in 1791 and lasted for years, resulting in the slaughter of many and the eventual withdrawal of Napoleon's army in 1803.
- Haiti became the first independent state in Latin America and the world's first nation created by slaves.
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Description
This quiz is about the Middle Passage, a notorious route in the transatlantic slave trade. Learn about the harsh conditions and dangers faced by slaves during this journey.
