History of Special Education in Malaysia
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Questions and Answers

In which year was the Integrated Plan for children with visual impairment at selected primary and secondary schools introduced?

  • 1963
  • 1962 (correct)
  • 1931
  • 1926

Which organization established SRPK Princess Elizabeth in Johor Bahru?

  • Department of Social Welfare (JKM) (correct)
  • Private Education Institution
  • Anglican Church
  • Malaysian Government

Where was SRPK St. Nicholas initially established?

  • Penang
  • Malacca (correct)
  • Johor Bahru
  • Kuala Lumpur

In which year did the training of special teachers in the field of visual impairment begin at Maktab Perguruan Ilmu Khas (MPKI), Cheras?

<p>1963 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was established in 1948?

<p>No event mentioned in the content (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who pioneered special education for visual impairment in the British colonial era?

<p>Religious institutions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which year was the first Special Education Primary School established?

<p>1926 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was introduced to teachers of special education with hearing impairment from 1979-1981 and 1984-1986?

<p>Whole communication (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where was the training for special teachers in the field of education of children with visual and hearing impairment conducted in 1963?

<p>Maktab Perguruan Ilmu Khas (MPIK), Kuala Lumpur (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is stated in the Education Act 1961 concerning special education?

<p>A special school (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was established in 1964 to manage special education programs?

<p>Special Education Unit (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was issued to assist in developing and expanding the scope of special education programs and activities?

<p>Surat perakuan cabinet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When did the training of special teachers begin in the field of education of children with visual impairment?

<p>1962 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of the United Nations Conference on the 1981 International Disabled People?

<p>To ensure full participation and justice for people with disabilities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main approach of Malaysia's Government in supporting people with disabilities?

<p>Collaboration concept among ministries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the priority of the Malaysian Government in terms of geographical location?

<p>Rural areas specifically (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of the 'local community based on the specialized residential center' approach?

<p>Local community-based specialized residential centers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of decentralization in terms of special education and rehabilitation services?

<p>To promote decentralization of services to district, state, and provincial levels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of establishing regional and international cooperation with government agencies?

<p>To share best practices and expertise (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Development of Special Education in Malaysia

  • 1926: Establishment of Sekolah Rendah Pendidikan Khas (SRPK) St. Nicholas by the Anglican church in Malacca, marking the beginning of special education in Malaysia.
  • 1931: SRPK St. Nicholas was relocated to Penang, extending special education services to a broader region.
  • 1948: A significant milestone in special education as a boarding school, SRPK Princess Elizabeth, was established in Johor Bahru by the Department of Social Welfare (JKM).
  • 1962-1963: The government introduced the Integrated Plan (Rancangan Percantuman) for children with visual impairment, incorporating specialized education into selected primary and secondary schools.
  • 1977: The Integrated Plan for students with visual impairment continued to expand, aiming to provide inclusive education in mainstream schools.
  • The establishment of Maktab Perguruan Ilmu Khas (MPKI) in Cheras played a crucial role in training special teachers in the field of visual impairment, further enhancing the development of special education in Malaysia.

Overview of Special Education in Malaysia

  • The family institution and society, including religious societies, ethnic groups, parents, and NGOs, play important roles in special education.

Early History of Special Education in Malaysia

  • The first Special Education Primary School, St. Nicholas, was established in Penang in 1926 for children with visual impairment.
  • Princes Elizabeth School in Johor Bahru was established in 1949 for children with visual impairment.
  • The Federation Special Education Secondary School in Penang was established for children with hearing impairment.

British Colonial Era and Social Movements

  • Special education for visual impairment was pioneered by social movements of religious institutions during the British colonial era.
  • The Anglican Mission built homes and St. Nicholas school for students with disabilities in Malacca in 1926, which was later transferred to Penang.

Government Involvement and Measures

  • The government began to play a role in establishing special education schools, introducing measures to improve the quality of education.
  • A new delivery model and whole communication approach were introduced to special education teachers for students with hearing impairment from 1979-1981 and 1984-1986.
  • Training for special teachers began in 1962 in the field of education for children with visual and hearing impairment.
  • The Special Education Unit, School Division of the Ministry of Education was established in 1964 to manage special education programs.

Policy and Collaboration

  • The policy on special education is stated in the Education Act 1961, which emphasizes the importance of special schools.
  • The government is responsible for providing physical facilities, support services, financial allocations, and expertise to special education.
  • The United Nations Conference on the 1981 International Disabled People emphasized the importance of "full participation and justice" and not relying on "compassion of charity".
  • The Malaysian government adopted a "collaboration concept" among the Ministry of Education, Ministry of Health, and Department of Social Welfare, focusing on six key aspects:
    • Early intervention and prevention of disabilities
    • Coordinating and monitoring program implementation
    • Prioritizing rural areas
    • Community-based specialized residential centers
    • Decentralizing centers, schools, and specialized classes
    • Establishing regional and international cooperation

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Description

This quiz covers the milestones in the development of special education in Malaysia, including the establishment of schools and implementation of integration plans.

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