Podcast
Questions and Answers
In which year was the Integrated Plan for children with visual impairment at selected primary and secondary schools introduced?
In which year was the Integrated Plan for children with visual impairment at selected primary and secondary schools introduced?
Which organization established SRPK Princess Elizabeth in Johor Bahru?
Which organization established SRPK Princess Elizabeth in Johor Bahru?
Where was SRPK St. Nicholas initially established?
Where was SRPK St. Nicholas initially established?
In which year did the training of special teachers in the field of visual impairment begin at Maktab Perguruan Ilmu Khas (MPKI), Cheras?
In which year did the training of special teachers in the field of visual impairment begin at Maktab Perguruan Ilmu Khas (MPKI), Cheras?
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What was established in 1948?
What was established in 1948?
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Who pioneered special education for visual impairment in the British colonial era?
Who pioneered special education for visual impairment in the British colonial era?
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In which year was the first Special Education Primary School established?
In which year was the first Special Education Primary School established?
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What was introduced to teachers of special education with hearing impairment from 1979-1981 and 1984-1986?
What was introduced to teachers of special education with hearing impairment from 1979-1981 and 1984-1986?
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Where was the training for special teachers in the field of education of children with visual and hearing impairment conducted in 1963?
Where was the training for special teachers in the field of education of children with visual and hearing impairment conducted in 1963?
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What is stated in the Education Act 1961 concerning special education?
What is stated in the Education Act 1961 concerning special education?
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What was established in 1964 to manage special education programs?
What was established in 1964 to manage special education programs?
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What was issued to assist in developing and expanding the scope of special education programs and activities?
What was issued to assist in developing and expanding the scope of special education programs and activities?
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When did the training of special teachers begin in the field of education of children with visual impairment?
When did the training of special teachers begin in the field of education of children with visual impairment?
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What is the main goal of the United Nations Conference on the 1981 International Disabled People?
What is the main goal of the United Nations Conference on the 1981 International Disabled People?
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What is the main approach of Malaysia's Government in supporting people with disabilities?
What is the main approach of Malaysia's Government in supporting people with disabilities?
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What is the priority of the Malaysian Government in terms of geographical location?
What is the priority of the Malaysian Government in terms of geographical location?
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What is the focus of the 'local community based on the specialized residential center' approach?
What is the focus of the 'local community based on the specialized residential center' approach?
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What is the goal of decentralization in terms of special education and rehabilitation services?
What is the goal of decentralization in terms of special education and rehabilitation services?
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What is the purpose of establishing regional and international cooperation with government agencies?
What is the purpose of establishing regional and international cooperation with government agencies?
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Study Notes
Development of Special Education in Malaysia
- 1926: Establishment of Sekolah Rendah Pendidikan Khas (SRPK) St. Nicholas by the Anglican church in Malacca, marking the beginning of special education in Malaysia.
- 1931: SRPK St. Nicholas was relocated to Penang, extending special education services to a broader region.
- 1948: A significant milestone in special education as a boarding school, SRPK Princess Elizabeth, was established in Johor Bahru by the Department of Social Welfare (JKM).
- 1962-1963: The government introduced the Integrated Plan (Rancangan Percantuman) for children with visual impairment, incorporating specialized education into selected primary and secondary schools.
- 1977: The Integrated Plan for students with visual impairment continued to expand, aiming to provide inclusive education in mainstream schools.
- The establishment of Maktab Perguruan Ilmu Khas (MPKI) in Cheras played a crucial role in training special teachers in the field of visual impairment, further enhancing the development of special education in Malaysia.
Overview of Special Education in Malaysia
- The family institution and society, including religious societies, ethnic groups, parents, and NGOs, play important roles in special education.
Early History of Special Education in Malaysia
- The first Special Education Primary School, St. Nicholas, was established in Penang in 1926 for children with visual impairment.
- Princes Elizabeth School in Johor Bahru was established in 1949 for children with visual impairment.
- The Federation Special Education Secondary School in Penang was established for children with hearing impairment.
British Colonial Era and Social Movements
- Special education for visual impairment was pioneered by social movements of religious institutions during the British colonial era.
- The Anglican Mission built homes and St. Nicholas school for students with disabilities in Malacca in 1926, which was later transferred to Penang.
Government Involvement and Measures
- The government began to play a role in establishing special education schools, introducing measures to improve the quality of education.
- A new delivery model and whole communication approach were introduced to special education teachers for students with hearing impairment from 1979-1981 and 1984-1986.
- Training for special teachers began in 1962 in the field of education for children with visual and hearing impairment.
- The Special Education Unit, School Division of the Ministry of Education was established in 1964 to manage special education programs.
Policy and Collaboration
- The policy on special education is stated in the Education Act 1961, which emphasizes the importance of special schools.
- The government is responsible for providing physical facilities, support services, financial allocations, and expertise to special education.
- The United Nations Conference on the 1981 International Disabled People emphasized the importance of "full participation and justice" and not relying on "compassion of charity".
- The Malaysian government adopted a "collaboration concept" among the Ministry of Education, Ministry of Health, and Department of Social Welfare, focusing on six key aspects:
- Early intervention and prevention of disabilities
- Coordinating and monitoring program implementation
- Prioritizing rural areas
- Community-based specialized residential centers
- Decentralizing centers, schools, and specialized classes
- Establishing regional and international cooperation
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Description
This quiz covers the milestones in the development of special education in Malaysia, including the establishment of schools and implementation of integration plans.
