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Questions and Answers
What was a primary characteristic of ancient Egyptian medical practices?
What was a primary characteristic of ancient Egyptian medical practices?
- They relied heavily on complex surgical procedures.
- They were based primarily on theoretical knowledge.
- They involved a trial-and-error approach to remedies. (correct)
- They emphasized the use of advanced pharmaceutical drugs.
What role did the papyrus play in ancient Egyptian society?
What role did the papyrus play in ancient Egyptian society?
- It served as a form of currency in trade.
- It replaced stone tablets as a writing material.
- It revolutionized the way information was transmitted. (correct)
- It was primarily used for religious ceremonies.
Why is studying the history of science important?
Why is studying the history of science important?
- It provides a comprehensive guide to modern scientific techniques.
- It allows us to appreciate what science truly is and how scientists think. (correct)
- It primarily helps in predicting future scientific breakthroughs.
- It offers a direct comparison of ancient and modern technologies.
Around what time period did Imhotep gain recognition for his medical knowledge?
Around what time period did Imhotep gain recognition for his medical knowledge?
How did Egyptians create papyrus?
How did Egyptians create papyrus?
Which of the following best describes science in ancient times (before 600 BC)?
Which of the following best describes science in ancient times (before 600 BC)?
What was a key advantage of Egyptian medicine compared to other ancient nations?
What was a key advantage of Egyptian medicine compared to other ancient nations?
What can be inferred about the effectiveness of Egyptian medical practices, despite their trial-and-error nature?
What can be inferred about the effectiveness of Egyptian medical practices, despite their trial-and-error nature?
How did Enlightenment philosophy relate to the understanding of nature?
How did Enlightenment philosophy relate to the understanding of nature?
Which statement describes the relationship between the Industrial Revolution and scientific discoveries in Great Britain?
Which statement describes the relationship between the Industrial Revolution and scientific discoveries in Great Britain?
How did the science of metallurgy contribute to the Industrial Revolution?
How did the science of metallurgy contribute to the Industrial Revolution?
In what way did industry primarily benefit science during the early stages of the Industrial Revolution?
In what way did industry primarily benefit science during the early stages of the Industrial Revolution?
How did the development of increasingly complex industrial machinery influence scientific progress?
How did the development of increasingly complex industrial machinery influence scientific progress?
Why did instruments become increasingly important to science as it progressed?
Why did instruments become increasingly important to science as it progressed?
How did the chemical sciences impact the Industrial Revolution?
How did the chemical sciences impact the Industrial Revolution?
Which of the following best represents the interplay between science and industry during the Industrial Revolution?
Which of the following best represents the interplay between science and industry during the Industrial Revolution?
Which statement best describes the relationship between science and technology?
Which statement best describes the relationship between science and technology?
How does the study of Science, Technology, and Society (STS) primarily differ from studying science or technology in isolation?
How does the study of Science, Technology, and Society (STS) primarily differ from studying science or technology in isolation?
Which academic disciplines are significantly interconnected with the discussion of Science, Technology, and Society (STS)?
Which academic disciplines are significantly interconnected with the discussion of Science, Technology, and Society (STS)?
What characterizes a 'universal truth' generated through science?
What characterizes a 'universal truth' generated through science?
Which of the following is the LEAST likely outcome of advancements in science and technology?
Which of the following is the LEAST likely outcome of advancements in science and technology?
How do social considerations typically influence the course of science and technology?
How do social considerations typically influence the course of science and technology?
A new technology is developed that drastically improves communication but requires a rare and environmentally damaging resource to produce. How would an STS perspective analyze this situation?
A new technology is developed that drastically improves communication but requires a rare and environmentally damaging resource to produce. How would an STS perspective analyze this situation?
If a scientific study's findings are used to develop a technology that disproportionately benefits a specific social group while harming another, what critical question should be raised from an STS perspective?
If a scientific study's findings are used to develop a technology that disproportionately benefits a specific social group while harming another, what critical question should be raised from an STS perspective?
What was the primary role of the Bureau of Science before World War II?
What was the primary role of the Bureau of Science before World War II?
Considering Neil deGrasse Tyson's perspective, which statement best encapsulates the core benefit of widespread science literacy for a society?
Considering Neil deGrasse Tyson's perspective, which statement best encapsulates the core benefit of widespread science literacy for a society?
Why did the development of science and technology become 'practically impossible' during the Commonwealth period and the Japanese occupation?
Why did the development of science and technology become 'practically impossible' during the Commonwealth period and the Japanese occupation?
What specific action demonstrated the Commonwealth government's recognition of the importance of science and technology for economic development?
What specific action demonstrated the Commonwealth government's recognition of the importance of science and technology for economic development?
In the context of the interview, what is the most compelling reason to embrace knowledge, even when it presents uncomfortable truths?
In the context of the interview, what is the most compelling reason to embrace knowledge, even when it presents uncomfortable truths?
What was the Philippine Journal of Science's key contribution to science and technology in the Philippines?
What was the Philippine Journal of Science's key contribution to science and technology in the Philippines?
Imagine a society where the majority is scientifically illiterate. Based on the ideas presented by Neil deGrasse Tyson, what is the most likely consequence?
Imagine a society where the majority is scientifically illiterate. Based on the ideas presented by Neil deGrasse Tyson, what is the most likely consequence?
What critical issues did the Institute of Science face after replacing the Bureau of Science in 1946?
What critical issues did the Institute of Science face after replacing the Bureau of Science in 1946?
How does science literacy directly contribute to the strength and resilience of a democratic society, according to Neil deGrasse Tyson's perspective?
How does science literacy directly contribute to the strength and resilience of a democratic society, according to Neil deGrasse Tyson's perspective?
Suppose a new scientific study presents findings that challenge a widely held belief. How would a science-literate individual most likely respond?
Suppose a new scientific study presents findings that challenge a widely held belief. How would a science-literate individual most likely respond?
According to the US Economic Survey in 1950, what was a significant hindrance to the development of industries in the Philippines?
According to the US Economic Survey in 1950, what was a significant hindrance to the development of industries in the Philippines?
Which of the following examples illustrates a decision that would be significantly improved by a greater degree of science literacy among the general population?
Which of the following examples illustrates a decision that would be significantly improved by a greater degree of science literacy among the general population?
What can be inferred from the establishment of the National Research Council of the Philippines on December 8, 1933?
What can be inferred from the establishment of the National Research Council of the Philippines on December 8, 1933?
Which of the following best describes the state of science and technology during the period between the Commonwealth government and the end of World War II?
Which of the following best describes the state of science and technology during the period between the Commonwealth government and the end of World War II?
What role does curiosity play in fostering science literacy and critical thinking, according to the perspectives shared?
What role does curiosity play in fostering science literacy and critical thinking, according to the perspectives shared?
If a community is facing a public health crisis, such as a novel virus outbreak, how could improved science literacy among its members lead to a more effective response?
If a community is facing a public health crisis, such as a novel virus outbreak, how could improved science literacy among its members lead to a more effective response?
What key policy objective was DOST tasked with pursuing following its elevation to full cabinet stature?
What key policy objective was DOST tasked with pursuing following its elevation to full cabinet stature?
Which plan was designed to modernize the production sector, upgrade research activities, and develop infrastructure for science and technology?
Which plan was designed to modernize the production sector, upgrade research activities, and develop infrastructure for science and technology?
What was a key criterion used to identify research and development programs to be prioritized?
What was a key criterion used to identify research and development programs to be prioritized?
How did the government support students pursuing science and technology-related professions during President Fidel Ramos's term?
How did the government support students pursuing science and technology-related professions during President Fidel Ramos's term?
What was the primary focus of the Research and Development Plan formulated by DOST?
What was the primary focus of the Research and Development Plan formulated by DOST?
What was one of the effects of establishing Philippine Science High Schools in Visayas and Mindanao?
What was one of the effects of establishing Philippine Science High Schools in Visayas and Mindanao?
Besides providing central direction and coordination, what other mandate was DOST charged with?
Besides providing central direction and coordination, what other mandate was DOST charged with?
What impact did Executive Order 128 have on DOST in 1987?
What impact did Executive Order 128 have on DOST in 1987?
Flashcards
Interdisciplinary Course
Interdisciplinary Course
A course examining interactions between science, technology, and society.
Science and Technology
Science and Technology
Evolving knowledge that shapes and is shaped by society, politics, and culture.
Social Influences
Social Influences
How societal factors affect the development and application of science and technology.
Production and Distribution
Production and Distribution
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Paradigm Shifts
Paradigm Shifts
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Scientific Knowledge
Scientific Knowledge
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Technology Application
Technology Application
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Cultural Impact
Cultural Impact
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Historical Perspective in Science
Historical Perspective in Science
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Ancient Egyptian Medicine
Ancient Egyptian Medicine
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Imhotep
Imhotep
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Trial and Error in Medicine
Trial and Error in Medicine
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Papyrus
Papyrus
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What is papyrus made from?
What is papyrus made from?
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Impact of Papyrus on Information
Impact of Papyrus on Information
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Advanced Egyptian Medicine
Advanced Egyptian Medicine
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Enlightenment Philosophy
Enlightenment Philosophy
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Industrial Revolution
Industrial Revolution
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Connection of Science and Industry
Connection of Science and Industry
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Metallurgy
Metallurgy
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Chemistry's Role
Chemistry's Role
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Steam Engine
Steam Engine
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Machine Tool Industry
Machine Tool Industry
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Scientific Instruments
Scientific Instruments
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Philippine Journal of Science
Philippine Journal of Science
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Bureau of Science
Bureau of Science
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National Research Council of the Philippines
National Research Council of the Philippines
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Commonwealth Period
Commonwealth Period
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Japanese Occupation
Japanese Occupation
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Institute of Science
Institute of Science
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Economic Survey Report 1950
Economic Survey Report 1950
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Challenges in Science Development
Challenges in Science Development
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Know vs Not Knowing
Know vs Not Knowing
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Importance of Science Literacy
Importance of Science Literacy
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Neil deGrasse Tyson's View
Neil deGrasse Tyson's View
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Society and Science
Society and Science
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Informed Decision-Making
Informed Decision-Making
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Awareness of Science
Awareness of Science
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Curiosity in Science
Curiosity in Science
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Critical Thinking Skills
Critical Thinking Skills
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DOST
DOST
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Executive Order 128
Executive Order 128
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Technological Self-Reliance
Technological Self-Reliance
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Private Sector Participation
Private Sector Participation
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Science and Technology Master Plan
Science and Technology Master Plan
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Research and Development Plan
Research and Development Plan
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Omnibus Investment Law
Omnibus Investment Law
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Philippine Science High Schools
Philippine Science High Schools
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Study Notes
Historical Antecedents in Which Social Considerations Changed the Course of Science and Technology
- This section provides an overview of how science and technology evolved from ancient times to the present
- It demonstrates how human ingenuity developed tools and improved living conditions throughout history, leading to societal progress.
Intended Learning Outcomes
- Discuss the interactions between science and technology and society throughout history.
- Discuss how scientific and technological developments affect society and the environment.
- Identify the paradigm shifts in history.
A. General Concepts
- Science, Technology and Society (STS): An interdisciplinary course exploring the interplay between science, technology, politics, and culture. It examines the conditions under which scientific knowledge and technology are produced, distributed, and utilized.
- Science: An evolving body of knowledge based on theoretical and experimental activities, aiming to establish universal truths
- Technology: The application of scientific knowledge, systems, and processes to create tools and objects used in daily life.
- STS interconnects with history, philosophy, sociology, and anthropology to understand the development of science and technology.
B. Historical Antecedents in the World
- Ancient Times (to 600 BC): Practical arts like healing and metalworking were prominent. Early civilizations like the Egyptians demonstrated advanced medical practices employing trial and error, and the invention of papyrus revolutionized knowledge transmission.
- Ancient Greece (600 BC to 500 AD): Ancient Greeks initiated the true scientific method; they collected facts, observed nature, and sought explanations.
- Islamic Golden Age (8th-14th centuries): This era witnessed significant cultural, economic, and scientific flourishing in the Islamic world. Knowledge was preserved and advanced, especially in astronomy, mathematics, and medicine.
- Ancient China: Advancement in technologies such as compasses demonstrate the ingenuity from this era.
- Renaissance (1300-1600 AD): A period of cultural rebirth and scientific inquiry in Europe, ushering in a new paradigm.
- Enlightenment (1715-1789 AD): Knowledge and science were viewed with greater significance, inspiring social and political revolutions.
- Industrial Revolution (1760-1840): Applying scientific discoveries to industrial processes drove massive economic and technological transformations.
- 20th Century Science: Scientific advancements in areas like physics, biology, and information technology reshaped societal structures and ways of life.
- Fourth Industrial Revolution: This current era is marked by the fusion of technologies including AI, robotics, and biotechnology, reshaping various sectors like manufacturing, health care, and communication.
C. Historical Development of Science and Technology in the Philippines
- Pre-Spanish Era: Filipinos displayed understanding of their environment and used it to develop tools and implements needed for their survival.
- Spanish Colonial Era: Schools, hospitals, and scientific research were established.
- American Period: Higher education institutions were built, training professionals, stimulating scientific and technological research and giving rise to new fields.
- Commonwealth Period: A period of transition characterized by the country's growth and development.
- Post Independence Period: Focus on applied research and building capacity through institutions and infrastructure.
D. Paradigm Shifts
- Paradigm: A framework of accepted knowledge, shared practices, and theories.
- Paradigm shift: A fundamental change in the accepted paradigm of a scientific discipline, usually prompted by anomalies that the existing paradigm cannot explain.
- Normal Science: A consistent period of research conducted within the framework of a paradigm.
- Crisis: A period where existing theoretical explanations fail to adequately address newly discovered phenomena.
- Revolutionary Science: A temporary period of intense scientific research seeking to formulate and develop a new paradigm that fits the anomalous data.
L. General Concepts and STS Historical Developments
- STS explores the interplay between science, technology, and society across different historical periods. An understanding of the history of science and its societal impact is important to understand modern science.
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Description
Explore ancient Egyptian medicine, the role of papyrus, and the significance of Imhotep. Discover the relationship between Enlightenment philosophy, the Industrial Revolution, and scientific advancements, particularly in metallurgy. Understand how industry and science mutually benefited during this transformative period.
