History of Psychology Overview
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History of Psychology Overview

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What did James assume about the development of thinking?

  • It is unrelated to survival needs.
  • It evolved independently from other senses.
  • It was purely a random occurrence.
  • It emerged due to its adaptive nature. (correct)

    • What was a significant contribution of Functionalism to psychology?

  • It allowed for research involving a broader range of subjects. (correct)
  • It emphasized the importance of the structure of the mind.
  • It focused solely on behavior without considering thoughts.
  • It dismissed the idea of emotions in psychological research.

    • What limitation is associated with the conclusions drawn from Functionalism?

  • They are sometimes difficult to test scientifically. (correct)
  • They can be easily replicated in laboratory settings.
  • They rely heavily on subjective experiences without evidence.
  • They are always applicable across cultures.

    • What is the core concept of determinism in psychology?

    <p>Behaviors are influenced by external and past factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Functionalism contribute to the emergence of Evolutionary Psychology?

    <p>By emphasizing the functional aspects of mental activities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for studying the history of psychology?

    <p>To understand how the past influences the present</p> Signup and view all the answers

    From which two fields did psychology primarily evolve?

    <p>Biology/physiology and philosophy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Greek word 'psyche' mean?

    <p>Soul or mind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes the development of schools of thought in psychology?

    <p>Some schools are outdated and no longer used.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did early Greek thinkers contribute to the field of psychology?

    <p>Philosophical discussions that laid foundational concepts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one outcome of understanding the history of psychology?

    <p>It allows for a clearer understanding of contemporary psychology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the major theories within psychology today?

    <p>They represent different perspectives on human behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term best describes the nature of psychology according to its historical evolution?

    <p>Dynamic and multifaceted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary interest of Functionalism in psychology?

    <p>Examining how consciousness functions to adapt to the environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is considered a key figure in the development of Functionalism?

    <p>William James</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept significantly influenced Functionalism?

    <p>Darwin's Theory of Evolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Functionalists emphasized the importance of which aspect in their psychological study?

    <p>Individual differences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Functionalists aim to achieve by applying psychology to various fields?

    <p>To broaden the scope of psychology beyond pure science</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do Functionalists view the role of behavior in satisfying needs?

    <p>Understanding behavior helps satisfy needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What limitation is associated with the subjective nature of functionalist research?

    <p>It required individuals with high verbal skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the focuses of functionalist research beyond studying adults?

    <p>Developmental levels in children</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept emphasizes that our behavior is influenced by unconscious thought processes and emotional responses to past experiences?

    <p>Psychoanalysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the idea that our behavior is motivated by unconscious forces and conflicts over which we have limited control?

    <p>Psychic Determinism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is regarded as the founder of Psychoanalysis?

    <p>Sigmund Freud</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Freud believe influenced the development of adult personality and behavior?

    <p>Early childhood experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Freud's primary focus in treating patients diagnosed with hysteria?

    <p>Addressing mental rather than physical issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main premise of free will according to the content?

    <p>Individuals can make decisions from available options without restrictions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What educational background did Freud have before developing his theories?

    <p>Medicine and Neurology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the basis of free will in psychology?

    <p>Individuals are able to make unconstrained decisions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of cognitive psychology?

    <p>Mental processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the cognitive approach evolve in the 1950s?

    <p>Influenced by the computer revolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a model of memory in cognitive psychology?

    <p>Storage of information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a limitation of cognitive psychology as noted in the content?

    <p>Mechanistic view of human nature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what context are many studies of cognitive psychology typically conducted?

    <p>Controlled laboratories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which application of cognitive psychology is highlighted in the content?

    <p>Enhancing memory and attention span</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do cognitive psychologists seek to explain?

    <p>How information processing influences behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the cognitive approach considered scientifically valuable?

    <p>It allows for exploration through scientific research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    History of Psychology

    • Psychology evolved from philosophy and biology/physiology.
    • The word "psychology" is derived from the Greek word "psyche" meaning "soul" or "mind".
    • Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior.
    • There are different schools of thought in psychology which represent major theories.

    Dominant Schools of Thought

    • Functionalism focused on how the mind works to adapt to the environment.
    • The main focus of Functionalism was how behavior helps meet needs.
    • Functionalism was influenced by Darwin's Theory of Evolution - mental processes and behavior helped ancestors survive and reproduce.
    • William James (1842-1910) was a key figure in Functionalism, he focused on the purpose of thoughts and feelings.
    • Functionalism helped to expand psychological research by moving away from the structuralist focus on the structure of the mind.

    Determinism vs Free Will

    • This is a debate that dates back to the origins of psychology.
    • Determinism suggests that our behavior is determined by forces like genetics and past experiences.
    • Free will suggests that we are free to make choices from a range of options.

    Psychoanalysis

    • Psychoanalysis emphasizes the influence of unconscious thought processes and emotional responses to childhood experiences on behavior.
    • Psychoanalysts believe our behavior is motivated by inner forces and conflicts beyond our conscious control.
    • Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) is considered the father of Psychoanalysis.
    • Freud specialized in neurology and treated' nervous' difficulties.
    • Freud viewed these difficulties as mental rather than physical.

    Cognitive Psychology

    • The cognitive approach focuses on mental processes like perception, attention, memory, and decision making.
    • Cognitive psychology seeks to explain how we process information and how our thinking influences our behavior.
    • It was influenced by the computer revolution, focusing on understanding mental processes in terms of information processing.
    • Models of memory focus on input, processing (selection and comparison to existing information), and output of information.

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    Related Documents

    History Of Psychology Student Notes PDF 2020-2021

    Description

    Explore the evolution of psychology from its philosophical roots to its modern theories. This quiz covers the key schools of thought, including functionalism and the philosophical debates of determinism versus free will. Test your understanding of how these concepts shape our view of the mind and behavior.

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