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Questions and Answers
What best describes a nursing theory?
What best describes a nursing theory?
What is one primary purpose of nursing theories?
What is one primary purpose of nursing theories?
How did Florence Nightingale contribute to nursing theory?
How did Florence Nightingale contribute to nursing theory?
Which of the following is NOT a purpose of nursing theories?
Which of the following is NOT a purpose of nursing theories?
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What does the definition of nursing provided by nursing theory help nurses understand?
What does the definition of nursing provided by nursing theory help nurses understand?
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What is a characteristic of the data collected during research, as highlighted in the examples?
What is a characteristic of the data collected during research, as highlighted in the examples?
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Which term best describes the total days a patient stays in a hospital?
Which term best describes the total days a patient stays in a hospital?
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What characteristic is attributed to theories in nursing practice?
What characteristic is attributed to theories in nursing practice?
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What does the traditional approach in nursing research primarily focus on?
What does the traditional approach in nursing research primarily focus on?
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What is the main idea behind empiricism in nursing?
What is the main idea behind empiricism in nursing?
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In nursing, what term is used to describe the most general statement of a discipline?
In nursing, what term is used to describe the most general statement of a discipline?
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Which of the following is a component of the nursing metaparadigm?
Which of the following is a component of the nursing metaparadigm?
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How is causal reasoning defined in the context of nursing research?
How is causal reasoning defined in the context of nursing research?
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What is essential for formulating differential diagnoses in nursing?
What is essential for formulating differential diagnoses in nursing?
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Which statement is true regarding the role of a person in the nursing metaparadigm?
Which statement is true regarding the role of a person in the nursing metaparadigm?
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Which of the following best describes the process of conducting nursing research?
Which of the following best describes the process of conducting nursing research?
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Who is recognized as the founder of modern nursing?
Who is recognized as the founder of modern nursing?
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What was a major challenge in nursing studies during the first 25 years of the journal Nursing Research?
What was a major challenge in nursing studies during the first 25 years of the journal Nursing Research?
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What did Nightingale believe nursing knowledge was based on?
What did Nightingale believe nursing knowledge was based on?
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In what decade did nursing begin the transition from a vocation to a profession?
In what decade did nursing begin the transition from a vocation to a profession?
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What need coincided with the call for theory development in nursing?
What need coincided with the call for theory development in nursing?
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What did Nightingale envision for nurses during her time?
What did Nightingale envision for nurses during her time?
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What should nursing practice be based on, according to early nursing principles?
What should nursing practice be based on, according to early nursing principles?
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What significant question arose in nursing's evolution regarding professional education?
What significant question arose in nursing's evolution regarding professional education?
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What characterizes middle-range theories in nursing?
What characterizes middle-range theories in nursing?
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Which theorists are categorized under needs-based theories?
Which theorists are categorized under needs-based theories?
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What is a criticism of needs-based theories in nursing?
What is a criticism of needs-based theories in nursing?
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What do practice-level nursing theories primarily emphasize?
What do practice-level nursing theories primarily emphasize?
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Which of the following theories emphasizes the relationship between nursing and patient interactions?
Which of the following theories emphasizes the relationship between nursing and patient interactions?
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What leads to self-actualization in both the nurse and patient?
What leads to self-actualization in both the nurse and patient?
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What is the main feature of practice-level theories in nursing?
What is the main feature of practice-level theories in nursing?
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Which of these theorists is NOT associated with needs-based theories?
Which of these theorists is NOT associated with needs-based theories?
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How can nurses become more genuine and authentic?
How can nurses become more genuine and authentic?
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What is a common goal of needs-based theories in nursing?
What is a common goal of needs-based theories in nursing?
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What is a lifelong exploration for nurses meant to increase?
What is a lifelong exploration for nurses meant to increase?
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What is crucial for transpersonal caring?
What is crucial for transpersonal caring?
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Which aspect contributes to increased mindfulness in caring actions?
Which aspect contributes to increased mindfulness in caring actions?
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What is the goal of cultivating sensitivity in nurses?
What is the goal of cultivating sensitivity in nurses?
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What does transpersonal self-care primarily focus on?
What does transpersonal self-care primarily focus on?
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What might be a consequence of not recognizing one's feelings as a nurse?
What might be a consequence of not recognizing one's feelings as a nurse?
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Study Notes
History of Nursing Theory
- The history of professional nursing began with Florence Nightingale.
- Nightingale envisioned nurses as educated women when women were not typically educated and employed in public service.
- Nightingale wrote that nursing knowledge is distinct from medical knowledge.
- She proposed care of the sick is based on knowledge of persons and their surroundings – a different knowledge base than that of physicians.
The Evolution of Nursing Theory
- Nursing began with a strong emphasis on practice.
- Throughout the century, nurses worked to develop nursing as a profession through successive periods.
- These periods are recognized in various historical eras.
- The mid-1800s, Nightingale wrote on the distinct nature of nursing knowledge in relation to medical knowledge.
Mid 1970s:
- An evaluation of the first 25 years of the Nursing Research journal revealed that nursing studies lacked conceptual connections and theoretical frameworks.
- The 1970s saw a shift in nursing from vocation to profession as more nurses questioned the nature of their practice.
- This era saw increasing emphasis on theory-based practice, including middle-range theory.
- This era also witnessed the standardization of curricula for nursing master’s education and the establishment of nursing doctoral programs.
Empiricism
- The empiricist view emphasizes that scientific knowledge can be derived solely from sensory experience.
- This viewpoint is exemplified in the process of formulating differential diagnoses, where clinical data is collected and analyzed to determine the most likely cause of a patient’s condition.
Nursing Metaparadigm
- The term "metaparadigm" comes from the Greek words “meta” (with) and “paradigm” (pattern).
- It acts as a framework for conceptual models within a discipline.
- It is a general statement of the discipline as a whole.
- The nursing metaparadigm includes four major concepts: person, health, environment, and nursing.
- It represents the most general statements of a discipline.
Nursing Theory
- Nursing theory is a group of interrelated concepts that are developed from various studies and experiences within the discipline of nursing.
- It aims to view the essence of nursing care.
- Theories serve as a rationale for nursing interventions, providing nurses with the knowledge base necessary for effective decision-making and action.
- Provides a definition of nursing and helps nurses understand their purpose and role in healthcare settings.
Purposes of Nursing Theories
- The primary purpose of nursing theory is to improve the delivery of care and favorably impact the health and quality of life of patients.
- Theories guide nursing practice, contributing to evidence-based care delivery.
- They help to standardize and improve the quality of nursing care.
Middle-Range Theories
- These theories are more limited in scope than grand theories and focus on a specific phenomenon or concept.
- They present concepts and propositions at a lower level of abstraction.
- Most middle-range theories are based on grand theories, but can also be developed from research, nursing practice, or theories from other disciplines.
Practice-Level Nursing Theories
- Practice-level theories are situation-specific theories with a narrow scope and focus on a specific patient population.
- These theories guide nursing interventions and suggest potential outcomes or the effect of nursing practices.
- They provide a framework for nursing practice and are directly applicable to real-world nursing care.
Needs-Based Theories
- These were the first group of theories focused on fulfilling the physical and mental needs of individuals.
- Authors of these theories include Orem, Henderson, and Abdella.
- These theories have been criticized for relying on the medical model of health while placing patients in an overly dependent position.
Interaction Theories
- These theories emphasize nursing as a means of establishing and maintaining relationships between nurses and patients.
- They highlight the impact of nursing interactions on patients and their interactions with the environment, other people, and situations.
- Theorists in this group include King, Orlando, and Travelbee.
Cultivation of One's Own Practices and the Transpersonal Self
- This theory underscores the importance of self-awareness, self-acceptance, and personal growth for both nurses and patients.
- Recognizes that by acknowledging feelings and emotions, nurses become more authentic and sensitive to others.
- Nurses move beyond feelings to a deeper understanding of personal values and beliefs.
- The goal of cultivating one's own practices is to increase mindfulness in caring actions.
Development and Sustaining a Helping-Trust Caring Relationship
- This theory stresses the critical role of a helping-trust relationship between nurse and patient in facilitating transpersonal caring.
- It emphasizes the importance of building trust and nurturing a strong therapeutic connection for effective nursing care.
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Description
Explore the development of nursing theory from its inception with Florence Nightingale to modern times. This quiz covers key historical milestones and the evolution of nursing as a professional discipline. Test your knowledge on the distinct nature of nursing knowledge and its relation to medicine.
