History of Nursing
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Questions and Answers

How does understanding the history of nursing contribute to contemporary nursing practice?

  • It allows nurses to recreate historical practices uncritically.
  • It shifts focus entirely to modern techniques without context.
  • It highlights the independence of nursing from sociocultural influences.
  • It provides insights into past social influences that shaped current practices. (correct)

    • Which cognitive skill involves the ability to differentiate how components relate to each other within nursing practice?

  • Remembering
  • Creating
  • Analyzing (correct)
  • Evaluating

    • Which social force can significantly influence both nursing education and practice?

  • Personal preferences of individual nurses.
  • Technological advancements in unrelated fields.
  • Historical figures with no connection to current events.
  • Global economic trends and policies. (correct)

    • What impact did the COVID-19 situation have on the perception of nursing as a profession?

    <p>It reaffirmed the importance of nurses in times of crisis as active participants.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best exemplifies the cognitive skill of 'Creating' in nursing?

    <p>Designing a new patient care protocol based on emerging research.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is primarily emphasized in the role of a Registered Nurse during clinical practice?

    <p>Fostering a safe, competent, and ethical care environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the significance of the Winnipeg inquest in 1994?

    <p>It highlighted the need for improved patient advocacy and safety measures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'praxis' refer to in nursing practice?

    <p>The application of nursing knowledge to practice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of Barbara Carper's ways of knowing refers to the emotional aspects of nursing, including empathy and compassion?

    <p>Personal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do nursing theories function in the context of clinical decision-making?

    <p>They provide a framework that guides clinical decisions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does evidence-informed practice in nursing primarily rely on?

    <p>Research, clinical expertise, and patient input</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors does relational nursing practice consider important?

    <p>Interpersonal and social structural factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing the future of nursing according to the content?

    <p>Advancements in technology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an essential strategy for supporting success in the Saskatchewan Collaborative Bachelor of Science in Nursing program?

    <p>Applying critical thinking approaches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of academic writing, identifying reputable sources involves recognizing what?

    <p>Peer-reviewed journals and credible publications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is emphasized in the transition to professional learning in nursing education?

    <p>Reflection on professional identity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of primary prevention in Neuman's theory?

    <p>To maintain the integrity of the system before stressors act</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which subsystem in Neuman's theory focuses on relationships and social expectations?

    <p>Socio-cultural</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which phase of prevention does the focus shift to supporting a patient after treatment?

    <p>Tertiary prevention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer in Neuman's theory directly addresses the physiological aspects of human beings?

    <p>Physiological</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between secondary and tertiary prevention in Neuman's theory?

    <p>Secondary focuses on risk reduction; tertiary on recovery support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant change did Mary Agnes Snively implement as Lady Superintendent?

    <p>She improved student conditions and founded professional nursing organizations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key societal trend affecting nursing post-WWI?

    <p>A shift towards viewing nursing as a maternal and nurturing role.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nursing education milestones occurred in 1919?

    <p>The first degree program in nursing was established at UBC.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary model of nursing education until the 1970s?

    <p>Hospital-based schools of nursing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What stereotype regarding nursing persists in Canadian society?

    <p>Male nurses are considered rare and exceptional.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization did Mary Agnes Snively cofound in 1899?

    <p>International Council of Nurses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During World War II, how many nurses were enlisted in Canada?

    <p>4,480</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ongoing challenge in Canadian nursing involves representation of different demographics?

    <p>Lack of workplace diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of the nursing metaparadigm specifically emphasizes the importance of societal and physical surroundings in patient care?

    <p>Environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nursing way of knowing focuses primarily on the application of facts derived from empirical sciences?

    <p>Empirical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of nursing, which way of knowing involves recognizing one’s own biases and feelings during patient interactions?

    <p>Personal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What dimension of nursing knowledge is primarily concerned with determining the right actions in patient care situations?

    <p>Ethical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of the nursing metaparadigm is essential for understanding the individual's overall wellness?

    <p>Health</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nursing way of knowing emphasizes the role of intuition and creativity in appreciating the patient's experience?

    <p>Aesthetic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of nursing's metaparadigm?

    <p>To provide a framework for nursing beliefs and values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nursing ways of knowing integrates ethical principles into decision-making encounters with patients?

    <p>Ethical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of knowledge in nursing enables practitioners to apply knowledge from various sciences to real-life scenarios and patient assessments?

    <p>Empirical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which element of the metaparadigm emphasizes the collaborative role of nurses in fostering health through various interventions?

    <p>Nursing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of theory in nursing?

    <p>To serve as a guide for reasoning, critical thinking, and decision making</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT considered a social determinant of health in the context of Canadian nursing?

    <p>Nursing shortages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do nursing practice and theory interact?

    <p>Both practice and theory inform and shape each other</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way is research significant in the context of nursing theory?

    <p>Research connects theory to practice and allows for the testing of new ideas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is most likely to contribute to the complexity of health care delivery in Canada?

    <p>Presence of chronic diseases in the population</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the aging population in Canada primarily influence in the realm of nursing?

    <p>Demand for specialized geriatric care</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group is highlighted as having unique health considerations in Canadian nursing contexts?

    <p>New Canadians</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant challenge posed by nursing shortages in Canadian health care?

    <p>Increased workloads for remaining nurses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes a characteristic of First Nations, Inuit, and Metis health?

    <p>They face regressive health patterns compared to other groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the environment impact nursing practice in Canada?

    <p>Nurses often address environmental health issues in their practice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    History of Nursing

    • Nursing history is essential to understanding contemporary nursing practice.
    • Nurses in the 21st century face various challenges due to social, economic, and political factors.
    • Nursing is continuously transformed to meet the needs of individuals, families, and communities.
    • Significant historical figures include Marie Rollet Hebert, Jeanne Mance, Marguerite d'Youville, and Florence Nightingale.

    Early Nursing Leaders

    • Marie Rollet Hebert (1588-1649) was the first lay nurse in New France, consulted with Indigenous people.
    • Jeanne Mance (1606-1673) established the first hospital in Quebec, also a lay nurse.
    • Marguerite d'Youville (1701-1771) founded the Grey Nuns and brought nursing care into the community.
    • Florence Nightingale (1820-1910) was a nurse, writer, and statistician who improved soldier care during the Crimean War, emphasizing the environment's impact on health.

    History of Nursing Education in Canada

    • The first official training school was established in St. Catherine's, Ontario, in 1878.
    • Mary Agnes Snively advocated for better nursing education conditions and founded the Canadian Association of Trained Nurses in 1908.
    • Nursing education shifted from physician-taught apprenticeships to hospital-based schools in the 1970s.
    • The first degree program was established in 1919 at UBC, followed by the first master's program in 1959 and the first doctoral program in 1991.

    Challenges for Canadian Nursing

    • Lack of workplace diversity
    • Sexualized view of women
    • Image of nursing as a feminized profession
    • Male nurse stereotypes
    • Scope of practice issues
    • Intraprofessional and interprofessional role conflicts

    Current Contexts for Canadian Nursing

    • Social Determinants of Health impact health, including income, education, unemployment, housing, and access to health services.
    • Aging Population presents unique healthcare needs, including chronic diseases.
    • Chronic Diseases include cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease, and diabetes, which account for 65% of deaths in Canada.
    • Stress and Mental Health affect 20% of Canadians, highlighting the importance of mental health support.
    • Family Patterns are changing, requiring nurses to adapt to diverse family structures.
    • Health Care Systems are under pressure for sustainability and reform.
    • Environment factors, such as climate change, impact Canadians' health.

    Nursing Theory

    • Nursing practice is built on a body of knowledge using theoretical frameworks for reasoning, critical thinking, and decision-making.
    • Theories connect directly to nursing practice and are informed by research.
    • Nursing theories identify and define the unique features of nursing practice.

    Nursing Metaparadigm

    • The core concepts of nursing are person, environment, health, and nursing.
    • Person refers to the recipient of care, including families and communities.
    • Environment includes both external (e.g., fresh air) and internal (e.g., oxygen intake) factors.
    • Health is defined as the ability to utilize all human powers.
    • Nursing involves modifying or managing environmental factors to promote health.

    Nursing Theories

    • Grand Nursing Theories provide a general orientation or philosophical stance about nursing.
    • Midrange (or Middle Range) Nursing Theories offer direction for specific areas of nursing practice.
    • Nursing Practice Theories offer guidance for specific situations and nursing interventions.

    Hildegard Peplau's Theory of Interpersonal Relations

    • Peplau's theory emphasizes the importance of nurse-client relationships and recognizes four phases: orientation, identification, exploitation, and termination.

    Neuman's Systems Model

    • The model views a human being as a layered, multidimensional system with subsystems:
      • Physiological: body's structure and function
      • Psychological: mental processes and emotions
      • Socio-cultural: relationships and social expectations
      • Spiritual: influence of spiritual beliefs
      • Developmental: processes throughout the lifespan

    Systems Model

    • Systems are a whole with interconnected parts.
    • Actions on one part of the system impact the entire system.
    • CNUR 102 applies the systems model to assess the safety of self and others in professional practice.

    Areas of Nursing Practice

    • Nurses collaborate across various settings: hospitals, oncology units, palliative care, community health, nursing homes, and more.

    What Nurses Do

    • Nurses serve as an entry point for clients into health services, providing care and guiding them to resources.
    • They act as sources of health information, building relationships to involve clients in their healthcare decisions.
    • Nurses advocate for clients' rights and needs, ensuring appropriate care and support.

    Pandemic Impact

    • The pandemic has profoundly impacted healthcare systems and nursing practice.
    • Nurses play a vital role in responding to the pandemic, addressing challenges and adapting to changing demands.
    • The pandemic highlights the importance of system-level thinking and the interconnectedness of different elements within healthcare.

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    Description

    Explore the rich history of nursing, focusing on early nursing leaders such as Marie Rollet Hebert and Florence Nightingale. Understand how historical developments shaped contemporary nursing practices and the ongoing challenges faced by nurses today. This quiz will enhance your knowledge of the evolution of nursing, particularly in Canada.

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