18 Questions
Who generated the X-ray crystallography data that was crucial to Watson and Crick's 3D model of the structure of DNA?
Rosalind Franklin
What was the major achievement of Paul Berg, Herbert Boyer, and Stanley Cohen in 1973?
Performing the first genetic engineering experiments
What is the term for one billion base pairs in genomics?
Giga base pair (Gb)
What was the major achievement of Jennifer Doudna and Emmanuelle Charpentier in 2012?
Developing CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technology
What is the process by which information encoded within nucleic acids (DNA/RNA) is translated into amino acid sequences that comprise protein molecules?
Translation
What is the cost of sequencing a mammalian genome in 2022 compared to 2001?
400 times less expensive
What is the genetic material for all eukaryotic organisms?
DNA
Who are the researchers credited with the discovery of the double-stranded DNA structure?
James Watson and Francis Crick
What is the term for the complete complement of genetic material in an organism?
Genome
What is the main component of chromosomes?
Genes
What is the name of the system of units used to measure length in biology?
International System of Units (SI)
What is the term for the process of cell division that results in four daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell?
Mitosis
What is the main focus of the branch of biology known as genetics?
The study of the inheritance of biological traits and variation in biological traits
What type of trait is cystic fibrosis in humans an example of?
Monogenic trait
What is the term for the study of how genes and genetic variation within populations change over time?
Microevolution
What is the term for the process of reconstructing evolutionary relationships between populations and species through DNA analysis?
Phylogenetics
What is the term for the information-carrying units of heredity that control or contribute to biological traits?
Genes
What is the significance of understanding genetic variation in agriculture, medicine, and forensics?
It helps in developing new breeds of crops and animals
Test your knowledge of the key figures and discoveries that shaped our understanding of genetics and DNA structure, from Watson and Crick to the deciphering of the genetic code. Learn about the contributions of Francis Crick, Sydney Brenner, Marshall Nirenberg, Hargobind Khorana, and Robert Holley. Explore the history of genetics and its significance in modern biology.
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